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Various Types of Soil Conditions: Abies

Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Abies brachyphylla Nikko Fir Abies veitchi Veitch's Silver Fir Acer rubrum Red Maple Acer saccharum Sugar Maple Catalpa bignonioides Indian Bean Fagus (in variety) Beech b. Shrubs:

Aralia (in variety) Angelica Tree Larix europaea European Larch Larix laricina Tamarack Larix leptolepsis Japanese Larch Picea excelsa Norway Spruce Pinus strobus White Pine Thuja occidentalis American Arborvitae Tsuga canadensis Canadian Hemlock Corylus avellana Filbert Berberis thunbergi Diervilla trifida Thunberg's Japanese Barberry Bush Honeysuckle Calycanthus floridus Halesia carolina Strawberry Shrub Silver Bell Cornus (in variety) Hamamelis virginiana Dogwood Witch Hazel Viburnum (native varieties) Viburnum c. Vines:

Actinidia (in variety) Silver Vine Akebia quinata Five-leaved Akebia Lonicera japonica halliana Japanese Honeysuckle Wisteria sinensis Chinese Wisteria D. TREES TOLERANT OF ALKALI SOILS. Trees which are used in this type of soil should be extremely vigorous in their habit of growth. There is no special reason which can be set forth, from a physiological standpoint as a guide, for selecting types of trees for these conditions. The best and safest guide is the experience of others. (Black Alkali Soils-Sodium Carbonate): (White Alkali Soils.) Ailanthus altissima Tree of Heaven Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian Olive Gleditsia triacanthos Koelreuteria paniculata Varnish Tree Honey Locust (only fairly tolerant) Halimodendron halodendron Salt Tree Platanus orientalis Oriental Plane Populus fremonti Western Cottonwood Prunus davidiana David's Flowering Peach Quercus lobata California White Oak Robinia pseudacacia Black Locust Ulmus (in variety) Elm (only fairly tolerant) Note: All varieties of Prunus will thrive in alkali soils if grafted on Prunus davidiana. E. DROUGHT-RESISTING PLANTS. The ability of some plants to resist drought lies not in their ability to extract more water than other plants from the same soil, as commonly supposed, but in their ability to send deep roots after water, or else to cut down the loss of moisture through their tops when soil moisture is scarce. All plants require about the same amount of available moisture in the soil around their roots, to keep them from wilting when growing in the same type of soil. But soil types vary in their ability to give up moisture, and the moisture content in a sandy soil can fall much lower than in a more retentive loam or clay soil before plants begin to wilt. This explains why plants adapted to drought conditions and growing in a sandy soil can survive a period of drought which will seriously injure other plants growing near by upon a clay loam soil actually containing more water. All of the plants in the following list possess some characteristic which fits them for growing in dry places and should be chosen for planting in those dry spots upon embankments or on sandy soil where it is so hard to secure results with ordinary herbaceous perennials. While the plants included in this list are called drought-resisting plants they are not such plants as will withstand deliberate abuse through lack of cultivation or other normal care. The attempt to adapt plants of this kind to extreme soil conditions should not be made until a decision has been reached that no changes in soil conditions are practicable or justifiable. Achillea filipendula Oriental Yarrow Anchusa italica Alkanet Anchusa mysotidiflora Caucasian Alkanet Arabis alpina Rock Cress Arenaria montana Sandwort Artemisia abrotanum Southernwood Artemisia stelleriana Beach Wormwood Calandrinia umbellata Rock Purslane Cerastium tomentosum Snow-in-Summer Cheiranthus allioni Hybrid Wallflower Dianthus deltoides Maiden Pink Draba azoides Aizoon-like Whitlow Grass Echinops ritro Globe Thistle Erigeron speciosus Oregon Fleabane Eryngium amethystinum Amethyst Sea Holly Euphorbia epithymoides Yellow Wolf's-milk Glaucium flavum Sea Poppy Helianthemum (in variety) Frostweed Liatris pycnostachya Blazing Star Liatris scariosa Large Button Snakeroot Linaria dalmatica Dalmatian Toad-flax Lupinus polyphyllus Perennial Lupin Nepeta mussini Catmint Oenothera fruticosa Sundrops Oenothera speciosa Missouri Evening Primrose Papaver orientale Oriental Poppy Platycodon grandiflorum Balloon Flower Salvia azurea Blue Salvia Salvia pratensis Meadow Sage Santolina chamaecyparisus Lavender Cotton Sedum (in variety) Stonecrop Sempervivum (in variety) Houseleeks Stachys lanata Wooly Woundwort Tunica saxifraga Saxifrage-like Tunica Verbascum olympicum Greek Mullein Verbascum phoeniceum Purple Mullein Verbascum phlomoides Clasping-leaved Mullein Yucca (in variety) Adam's Needle