Order Cxiii
LABIATE.
A portion of Diandria Monogynia, and the whole of Didynamia Gymnospermia of Linnæus, make up Labiatæ, which are characterized by their didynamous stamens, four little nuts or naked seeds, single style, and irregular corolla. They are mostly natives of extra-tropical countries, although under the form of Hýptis, Anisoméles, Leúcas, O'cymum, &c., they are found in the hottest zones of the world. Many are extremely odoriferous in the leaves, some bear handsome flowers, but by far the greater part are no better than weeds. They are all remarkable for their tonic, cordial, and stomachic virtues: they contain both a bitter and an aromatic principle, in different proportions. The bitterness which is given out in decoctions, resides in a gumresinous secretion, abounding in some Teucriums, which are particularly employed as stomachics, and sometimes as febrifuges: those which abound in essential oil, and which are consequently aromatic, are used as stimulants. From the different degree of combination of these principles in different plants, they have obtained various uses; such as savory, thyme, marjoram, for seasoning of food; sage, balm, ground ivy for tea; marum, marjoram, lavender, and thyme, for sternutatories; others, such as lavender, mint, balm, and rosemary, for perfumes. It is a remarkable fact, that the essential oil of all contains camphor, which exists in such quantity in sage and lavender, that it has been supposed that the separating of it might become an object of commerce. 55 Lýcopus W. 56 Amethystea W. 57 Zizíphora W. 1242 A'juga W. 1243 Anisoméles R. Br. 1244 Teúcrium W.. 1245 Westringia Sm. 1246 Saturéja W. 1247 Thýmbra W. 1248 Hyssopus W. 1249 Népeta W. 1251 Lavándula W. 1252 Sideritis W. 1. Diandræ. 58 Cúnila P. S. 59 Hedeóma P. S. 60 Monárda W. 1254 Méntha W. 1255 Perílla W. 1256 Hýptis Poit. 2. Tetrandra. 1257 Hormínum Ort. 1258 Gléchoma W. 61 Rosmarinus W. 62 Sálvia W. 63 Collinsónia W. 1266 Marrúbium W. 1267 Leonúrus R. Br. 1268 Phlómis R. Br. 1278 Melíssa W. 1279 Dracocéphalum W. 1280 Melittis W. 1281 O'cymum W. 1282 Plectránthus W. 1269 Leúcas R. Br. 1270 Leonótis R. Br. 1259 Lámium W. 1271 Moluccélla W. 1283 Trichostéma W. 1260 Galeópsis W. 1272 Clinopódium W. 1284 Prostanthéra R. Br. 1261 Galeóbdolon, E. B. 1273 Pycnanthemum Th. 1285 Scutellária W. 1250 Elshóltzia W. 1262 Betónica W. 1274 Oríganum W. 1286 Prunélla W. 1263 Stáchys W. 1275 Thýmus L. 1287 Cleónia W. 1264 Zieténia Pers. 1276 A'cynos Pers. 1288 Prásium W. 1253 Bystropógon W. 1265 Ballóta W. 1277 Calamíntha Ph. 1289 Phrýma W.