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List of Illustrations: Japanese

XXX. A group of Japanese snowball, producing flowers in spring soon after the leaves appear, adds much to the attractiveness of a landscape picture PLATE XXXI. It is quite important in the planting of the spring garden that the designer should know those shrubs which produce flowers before the leaves appear, similar to the Carolina azalea (B), and those early-flowering shrubs which produce flowers and leaves at the same time, similar to the bladder-nut (A). (In colour) • XXXII. In the permanent planting no flowering tree or shrub deserves more favourable consideration than the fine type of Scheidecker's semidouble rose-flowering crab illustrated above XXXIII. As a specimen flowering plant for early spring effect the Japanese weeping rose-flowered cherry is extremely interesting, covered always before the leaves appear with an abundance of rose-pink flowers XXXIV. It is a source of much satisfaction to the plant designer to know that shrubs which are carefully selected for the colour of their flowers may produce very effective colour combinations. This plate shows the St. John's wort (A) in combination with the sweetscented buddleia (B). (In colour). XXXV. The average person who has not become interested in the colour effects produced by the fruits of our common trees and shrubs can hardly appreciate the intense colour display of the American bittersweet (A), the Washington thorn (B), and the white fringe (C). (In colour.) XXXVI. The garden designer must always bear in mind that many of our shrubs which produce very uninteresting flowers are the ones which produce our most attractive fruiting effects. The variation in colours of the fruits ranges from the pure white of the snowberry (A) through the purple and porcelain blue of the beauty fruit (C) to the vivid reds of which the Japanese bush cranberry (B) is typical. (In colour) XXXVII. Not only because of the interesting colour of its fruit in combination with the fruit of other shrubs, but because of the size and abundance of its fruit, the snowberry is one of our conspicuous and valuable shrubs XXXVIII. During the winter months when there is little else in the shrub border to attract attention, the vivid colours of the twigs of many of our shrubs present interesting spots of colour against the background of evergreens or snow. (A)-red-twigged dogwood; (B)— green-stemmed dogwood; (C)-red birch; (D)-golden-twigged osier; (E)--grey dogwood; (F)-striped maple. (In colour) XXXIX. What is more beautiful in the landscape than the intensely brilliant colours of the autumn foliage of many of our trees and shrubs? More plants should be used for the value of their autumn foliage effect. (A)-burning bush; (B)-dark green golden bell; (C)maple-leaved viburnum; (D)-sassafras; (E)-maidenhair tree; (F)-sourwood. (In colour) XL. In solving the difficult planting problems on exposed lake fronts and river fronts there is no plant in the limited list of adaptable types to excel the beach-plum PAGE 214 222 223 230 230 230 238 246 PLATE XLI. The problem of developing desirable undergrowth plantings in wooded areas requires much study of plants as nature places them. The rhododendron, except in exposed locations, is "happy" in woodland areas where soil conditions meet the root requirements XLII. In open sunny exposures on sandy_or light loam soil there is no ground cover which surpasses the Japanese spurge in richness of colour or interesting texture of foliage, especially in combination especially in with plantings of evergreens XLIII. Our garden steps can be made a part of the flower garden, and not the usual cold and uninviting mass of stone or brick, by a welldesigned grouping of plants adapted for growth in the earth crevices among the rocks. Note the use of candytuft, ground phlox, moss pinks, varieties of stonecrops, and rock cress XLIV. The large garden filled with perennials usually consists of larger groups of flowering perennials which produce masses of colour during their period of bloom. Iris, phlox, hollyhocks, gladioli, larkspur, and anemone produce the more important flower effects in this garden XLV. A cut-flower garden; the central part filled with annuals and the outer border of perennials serving as a frame with shrubs in the extreme background. A garden of this kind can have a succession of bloom throughout the flowering season • XLVI. Many of our common garden perennials possess the possibilities to produce very interesting colour effects through the colour combinations of the flowers. (A)-Italian alkanet; (B) -hardy marguerite. (In colour) XLVII. During the early spring no woodland wild garden is complete without its quota of trilliums, grape hyacinth, and hepatica which grow luxuriantly if happily surrounded by conditions of soil and shade XLVIII. Among those plants which become easily established in the wild garden there is none the flower effect of which excels the Japanese windflower during the late summer XLIX. In the selection of perennials for the garden not only should the possibilities of interesting colour combinations in the flower effects be observed, but also the possibilities for interesting texture of foliage. (A)-larkspur; (B)-lemon lily (commonly called day lily). (In colour) L. A few water-lilies may enhance a picture such as the above, but a proper restraint in their use and control is always desirable LI. The artificial lake or pond may receive a natural effect if the banks near the water's edge are planted with groups of water-loving plants. In this picture one sees the marsh-mallow, day-lily, iris, plantainlily, loosestrife, plume grass, and showy sedum successfully used.

LII. There are those who much prefer to develop their formal flower garden picture entirely by the use of annuals. This garden which is not for a source of cut flowers is filled with heliotrope, yellow tulip poppy, snapdragon, pentstemon, annual carnation, candytuft, and others not recognizable from this picture PAGE 255 270 271 286 287 294 302 303 310 318 • 319 PLATE LIII. An informal planting of Scotch pines and Mugho pines may be acby the use of a few specimens of lilies to brighten the landscape picture as well as to serve as a background for the flowering effect of the lilies LIV. The knotweed is not only one of the most rapid-growing vines, but its abundance of delicate white flowers and its long-blooming period make it valuable for many locations on the lattice framework. A- First summer after transplanting; B-Second summer after transplanting LV. One of the best vines for use on masonry walls is the Boston ivy, but no vine should be allowed to overpower fine architectural details. This illustration also shows a perfectly developed European beech hedge (ten years old) planted in a single row with plants eighteen inches apart LVI. A pleasing combination of the vigorous climbing wisteria used together with window boxes filled with periwinkle to relieve the heavy and otherwise bare architectural effect LVII. Nasturtiums, marigolds, English ivy, periwinkle, and petunias make a window box foliage and flower effect which adds greatly to the attractiveness of any home LVIII. During the months of April and May the flower garden filled with refined types of tulips carefully arranged to produce masses of colour is the equal of the garden at any other month of the growing season. This garden is filled with the tall types of Darwin tulips.

LIX. With the first touch of spring the crocus begins to bloom upon the lawn. This plant can adapt itself either to the refined lawn area or to the woodland and field areas LX. There is always an opportunity, on every larger estate, for the naturalizing of bulbs. Poet's narcissus is quite happy in a wild garden or field environment LXI. Throughout the southern states the creeping fig is one of the most desirable vines for growth on masonry walls. It develops interesting foliage of a fine texture and is a vigorous grower and compares favourwith the Lowe's Boston ivy so successfully used in the northern states LXII. Used as a tree for screen effects, specimen planting, or hedges, the Australian pine is throughout southern Florida one of the most freely used plants LXIII. The yellow allamanda desirable because of its heavy foliage, and because of its beautiful yellow flowers, is frequently neglected for use in Florida plantings as a shrub or a vine PAGE 334 334 335 350 350 350 351 366 367 .