Calendula
(from calendae, the first day of the month; in allusion to the almost perpetual flowering). Marigold. ORD. Compositae. A genus of showy greenhouse and hardy annuals, and some few greenhouse shrubby species. Pappus none; receptacle naked; involucre of one or two series of sub-equal, acuminate, generally scarious-edged bracts. The shrubby species are propagated by cuttings, and thrive best in a compost of loam and peat. For culture of the annuals, see Marigold.
C. arvensis (field). fl.-heads yellow. Pericarps urceolate, obovate, smooth; outer lanceolate-subulate, muricated at back. h. 2ft. Europe, 1597. Hardy annual.
C. maderensis (Madeira).* fl.-heads orange. Pericarps cymbiform. incurved, muricated; outer five ovate-lanceolate, membranous, toothed at edge. h. 2ft. Madeira, 1795. Hardy. SYN. C.stellata.
C. officinalis (officinal).* Common Marigold. fl.-heads orange. June to September. Pericarps cymbiform, all incurved, muricated. h. 3ft. South Europe, 1573. Hardy annual.
C. o. prolifera (proliferous). A garden form, analogous to the Hen and Chickens Daisy.
C. stellata (stellate). A synonym of C. maderensis.