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Crinum (This genus seventy-nine)
Of this genus seventy-nine species are described by Baker, in his "Handbook of the Amaryllideae"; they are broadly dispersed over the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the globe. Flowers numerous in an umbel, large, sessile or shortly pedicellate; stamens affixed to the throat. Leaves often numerous, long, narrow or rather broad. To the species described on pp. 396-7, Vol. I., the following should now be added. Except where otherwise stated, stove treatment is required:
C. amabile augustum (august). A synonym of C. augustum. C. angustifolium blandum (charming). fl., perianth segments broader than in the type; filaments whitish. l. also broader. SYN. C. blandum (B. M. 2531). C. a. confertum (clustered). fl. sessile; perianth segments 4in. long, a little exceeding the tube.
C. anomalum (anomalous). A form of C. asiaticum.
C. blandum (charming). A variety of C. angustifolium. C. Broussonetti (Broussonet's). A synonym of C. yuccaefolium. C. Colensoi (Colenso's). A garden synonym of C. Moorei. C. confertum (clustered). A variety of C. angustifolium. C. crassipes (thick-stalked). fl. fifteen to twenty in an umbel; perianth tube green, curved, 3in. long, the limb sub-erect, 2 1/2in. long, the segments white, 1/2in. broad, with a pink keel; pedicels 1in. to 1 1/4in. long; peduncle compressed, less than 1ft. long, 3/4in. thick. July. l. lorate, bright green, sub-erect, 4in. broad. Bulb very large, conical. Tropical or sub-tropical Africa (?), 1887. Stove or intermediate. C. cruentum Loddigesii (Loddiges'). fl., perianth segments tipped dark purple; pedicles as long as the ovary.
C. declinatum (declinate). A form of C. asiaticum.
C. distichum (two-ranked). fl. usually solitary, sessile; perianth tube curved, 5in. to 6in. long, the limb horizontal, about 4in. long, the segments keeled bright red, oblong, acute, connivent, 1in. broad; stamens and style nearly reaching the tips of the segments; peduncle about 1ft. long. June. l. about ten, distichous, linear, firm, channelled down the face, tapering, 1ft. long. Bulb small, globose. Sierra Leone. SYN. Amaryllis ornata (B. M. 1253). C. elegans (elegant). A variety of C. pratense.
C. ensifolium (ensate-leaved). A variety of C. defixum. C. flaccidum (flaccid). fl. six to eight in an umbel; perianth tube 3in. to 4in. long, usually curved, the segments pure white, oblong-lanceolate, about as long as the tube, 3/4in. broad, acute; stamens much shorter than the segments; pedicels 1in. to 1 1/2in. long; peduncle 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, much compressed. July. l. linear, 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, 1in. to 1 1/2in. broad. Bulb ovoid, 3in. to 4in. in diameter, with a very short neck. New South Wales and South Australia. Greenhouse. (B. M. 2133.) SYN. Amaryllis australasica (B. R. 426).
C. Hildebrandtii (Hildebrant's). fl., perianth pure white, erect; tube 6in. to 7in. long; limb segments horizontally spreading, 2in. to 3in. long, less than 1/2in. broad; umbel six to ten-flowered; peduncle ancipitous, about 1ft. long. Winter. l. eight or ten, contemporary with the flowers, lanceolate, firm, 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long. Bulb 2in. to 3in. in diameter; neck 6in. long. Comoro Islands. (B. M. 6709; I. H. 1886, 115.) C. humile (dwarf). fl. six to nine in an umbel, cernous in bud; perianth tube greenish, 3in. long, the segments white, linear-lanceolate, spreading, 2in. long, 1/3in. broad; filaments bright red, rather longer than the perianth segments; pedicels short; peduncle slender, 1ft. long. October. l. linear, 1ft. long, spreading, sub-acute, thicker than in C. amoenum, pitted over the face. Bulb small, globose, greenish, with a very short neck. Tropical Asia, 1826. (B. M. 2636.) C. insigne (remarkable). A slight variety of C. latifolium. C. leucophyllum (white-leaved). fl. pinkish, fragrant, forty or fifty in a dense, centripetal umbel; perianth tube cylindrical, 3in. long, the segments linear, spreading, rather shorter than those of the tube; scape springing from below the leaves, 1ft. long. August. l. produced ones about twelve or fourteen, arranged in a distichous column about 1ft. long, lanceolate, 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, 5in. to 6in. broad, whitish-green, denticulate. Bulb nearly 6in. in diameter. Damara-land, 1880. (B. M. 6783.) C. lineare (linear). fl. five or six in an umbel; perianth tube slender, curved, 1 1/2in. to 2 1/2in. long, the segments tinged red outside, oblanceolate, acute, 2in. to 3in. long, 1/3in. to 1/2in. broad; pedicels 1/2in. to 3/4in. long; peduncle slender, sub-terete, 1ft. long. September. l. linear, 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, 1/2in. broad, glaucous-green, channelled down the face. Bulb small, ovoid. Cape Colony. SYNS. Amaryllis revoluta (B. M. 915), A. r. gracilior (B. M. 623).
C. Loddigesii (Loddiges'). A variety of C. cruentum. C. longifolium Farinianum (Farini's). fl. five or six in an umbel; perianth tube greenish, 3 1/2in. to 4in. long, the segments pink, connivent in a narrow funnel, 3in. long; scape 2ft. high. l. ensiform, 3ft. to 4ft. long, acuminate, glaucescent, entire. Bulb 2 1/2in. to 3in. in diameter, narrowed into a neck 6in. long. 1887.
C. Mackenii (Macken's). A garden synonym of C. Moorei. C. Massaiana (Duc de Massa's). fl. white, each perianth segment having a central stripe of dull rose-colour. 1887. (I. H. 1887, 55, under name of Brunsvigia Massaiana.) This "is no doubt a Crinum, nearly allied to C. Kirkii" (J. G. Baker).
C. moluccanum (Moluccas). A slight variety of C. latifolium. C. Moorei Schmidtii (Schmidt's). A form with pure white flowers. SYN. C. Schmidtii (R. G. 1072).
C. natalense (Natal). A garden synonym of C. Moorei. C. plicatum (folded). A form of C. asiaticum.
C. Powellii (Powell's).* fl. about eight in an umbel; perianth tube greenish, curved, 3in. long, the segments reddish, oblanceolate, acute, 4in. long, 1in. broad; stamens much shorter than the perianth segments; peduncle compressed, glaucous, 2ft. long. l. about twenty, spreading, ensiform, acuminate, bright green, 3ft. to 4ft. long, 3in. to 4in. broad low down. Bulb globose, with a short neck. A garden hybrid between C. longifolium and C. Moorei. Hardy in the South of England.
C. pratense (meadow-loving). fl. six to twelve in an umbel; perianth tube greenish, 3in. to 4in. long, at first curved, the segments white, lanceolate, nearly or quite as long as the tube, 1/2in. broad; filaments bright red, rather shorter than the segments; pedicles none or very short; peduncle lateral, 1ft. or more in length. June. l. six to eight to a bulb, linear, sub-erect, 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, 1 1/2in. to 2in. broad, narrowed to the point, channelled on the face. Bulb ovoid, 4in. to 5in. in diameter, with a short neck. India, 1872.
C. p. elegans (elegant). fl., perianth tube 1in. shorter than the segments; peduncle decumbent. Bulb with a longer neck than in the type. SYN. C. elegans (B. M. 2592).
C. procerum (tall). A form of C. asiaticum.
C. Sanderianum (Sander's). fl. sessile, borne in umbels of three or four together; perianth segments white, with a broad, conspicuous band of reddish-crimson down the centre, lanceolate, spreading-recurved. l. ensiform. 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. long. Bulb globose, 2in. in diameter. Sierra Leone, 1884. A beautiful plant. (F. & P. 1884, p. 156.) C. Schmidtii (Schmidt's). A form of C. Moorei.
C. sinicum (Chinese). A form of C. asiaticum.
C. speciosum (showy). A slight variety of C. latifolium. C. spirale (spiral). A synonym of Carpolyza spiralis (which see, on p. 272, Vol. I.).
C. strictum (straight). fl. about four in an umbel; perianth tube pale green, sub-erect, about 5in. long, the segments white, lanceolate, 3in. to 4in. long, 1/2in. broad; filaments red, 1in. shorter than the segments; pedicles none or very short; peduncle green, twice as long as the leaves. September. l. lorate, pale green, sub-erect, 1ft. long, 2in. to 2 1/2in. broad. Bulb small, ovoid, without any distinct neck. Origin unknown. (B. M. 2635.) C. sumatranum (Sumatra). fl. ten to twenty in an umbel; perianth tube greenish, erect, 3in. to 4in. long, the segments not tinged red outside, linear, as long as the tube; filaments bright red, much shorter than the segments; pedicles very short; peduncle much shorter than the leaves. July. fr. as large as a man's fist, one to three-seeded. l. ensiform, sub-erect, 3in. to 4in. broad, gradually narrowed to a point, firm, dark, dull green, the edges serrulated. Bulb ovoid, as large as in C. asiaticum. Sumatra. (B. R. 1049.) C. undulatum (wavy). fl. four in an umbel; perianth tube greenish, 7in. to 8in. long, curved before the flower expands, the segments not purple outside, lanceolate, undulated, erecto-patent, 3in. long; filaments bright red, 2in. long; pedicels none or very short; peduncle 1ft. long. November. l. dark green, ensiform, firm, sub-erect, 1 1/2ft. long, 1in. broad. Bulb small, ovoid, with a long neck. North Brazil. (H. E. F. 200.) C. vanillodorum (Vanilla-scented). A synonym of C. giganteum. C. variabile (variable). fl. ten to twelve in an umbel; perianth tube greenish, curved, 1 1/2in. to 2in. long, the segments flushed red down the back, oblong, acute, 2 1/2in. to 3 1/2in. long; filaments red, 1in. shorter than the segments; pedicels 1/2in. to 1in. long; peduncle erect, compressed, 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. long. April. l. ten to twelve to a bulb, linear, green, weak, 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, 2in. broad. Bulb ovoid, 3in. to 4in. in diameter, with a short neck. Cape Colony. SYN. C. v. roseum (B. R. 1844, 9), Amaryllis revoluta robustior (B. R. 615).
C. v. roseum (rosy). A synonym of C. variabile.
C. yuccaeflorum (Yucca-flowered). fl. one or two in an umbel, sessile; perianth tube greenish, curved, 4in. to 5in. long, the limb horizontal, 3in. to 4in. long, the segments oblong, acute, connivent, banded red on the back; filaments 1in. shorter than the segments; peduncle slender, 1ft. long. June. l. ten to twelve to a bulb, multifarious, linear, firm, 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. long. about 1in. broad. Bulb small, globose, purplish. Sierra Leone, 1785. SYNS. C. Broussonetii (B. M. 2121; L. B. C. 668), C. yuccaeoides, Amaryllis spectabilis (A. B. R. 390).
C. yuccaeoides (Yucca-like). A synonym of C. yuccaeflorum. C. zeylanicum reductum (reduced). fl. about four in an umbel, sessile; perianth white, with a red, central stripe on each segment; scape lateral, less than 1ft. long. l. ensiform, spreading, 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. long, 1 1/2in. to 1 3/4in. broad, gradually narrowed from middle to apex, the edges not ciliated. Zanzibar, 1884.