Galls
Excrescences of various kinds, produced by the deposit of the eggs of insects in the bark or leaves of plants. What is commonly known as the Oak Apple is caused by a Gall Fly (Andricus terminalis). When cut longitudinally, the gall is seen to inclose a great number of granules, each containing a minute larva. The Rose Bedeguar, frequently seen on the Wild Rose, is the work of another Gall fly (Rhodites rosoe). Cynips aptera, a hymenopterous wingless fly, causes large roundish Galls on the roots of the Oak, Elm, Beech, and other trees. Illustrations of the insect and the Galls it makes are given in the "Gardeners' Chronicle," n. s., i. 19.