Juglans
(the old Latin name used by Pliny, contracted from Jovis Glans, the Nut of Jupiter). Walnut. ORD. Juglandeae. A genus of seven or eight species of hardy or half-hardy deciduous trees, widely dispersed over the temperate and sub-tropical regions of the Northern hemisphere. Flowers inconspicuous, deciduous; males in single catkins, and having a calyx of three to six irregular lobes; female flowers solitary, or a few in a group, terminal upon a shoot. Fruit having a fleshy, fibrous epicarp, bursting irregularly; endocarp two-valved, furrowed. Leaves compound, alternate, exstipulate. The species thrive in almost any kind of fertile soil, provided the sub-soil be dry and the site moderately sheltered. For general culture, &c., see Walnut. J. ailantifolia (Ailantus-leaved). fl. greenish, males in long, slender catkins. Spring. fr. violet-red when young, numerous, in pendulous clusters, woolly. l., leaflets sessile, truncate at the base, thin, soft, shortly toothed, green above, paler beneath. Origin uncertain. J. cinerea (ashy-grey).* Butter Nut. fl. greenish. Spring. fr. oblong-ovate, with a tapered tip, downy, covered with viscid matter in small transparent glands, pendulous on a flexible peduncle. l., leaflets fifteen to seventeen, lanceolate, rounded at the base, serrate, tomentose beneath; lateral ones sessile. h. 30ft. to 60ft. United States, 1656. (B. M. Pl. 247.) J. nigra (black).* fl. greenish. Spring. fr. globose, roughish, with minute prominent points, situated upon a short inflexible peduncle. l., leaflets thirteen to seventeen, cordate-acuminate, unequal at the base, serrated, somewhat downy. h. 60ft. United States, 1656. (W. D. B. ii. 158.) J. regia (royal).* Common Walnut-tree. fl. greenish. Spring fr. with a green husk, oval, situated upon a short inflexible peduncle. l., leaflets five to nine, oval, glabrous, obscurely serrated. h. 40ft. to 60ft. Persia, 1562. A well-known and desirable fruit. It has several varieties, for enumeration of which, and for culture, see Walnut.
J. r. Bartheriana (Barther's). A synonym of J. r. elongata. J. r. elongata (elongated). This variety only differs in its very much elongated fruits. A nut (natural size) is represented at Fig. 349. SYN. J. r. Bartheriana.
J. r. longirostris (long-beaked). This is an extraordinary seminal variety of the common Walnut, distinguished by its long-beaked fruits.