Spades
These are the most essential of tools in use throughout the whole year in every garden, whether large or small. Although often considered as being a subject of comparatively little importance, digging, or the art of using a Spade, is really quite the reverse. A great difference is noticeable in the way workmen use a Spade. The proper method of doing so is only learned by experience; even amongst several workmen in a garden, one or two may generally be selected who are more to be trusted than any of the others for digging amongst plants, or where it is important to secure an even surface. It is of great advantage when a workman can dig in either direction--that is, use the Spade with either the right or the left hand on top of the handle. Garden ground may require digging to leave the surface even, or, in autumn, it may be advantageous to merely turn and throw it up rough, for exposure to the weather. Digging with a Spade is sometimes a dangerous proceeding near the roots of plants; in this case, it is generally preferable to use a fork instead. Spades should always be cleaned after being used, and placed in the tool-shed: it is impossible to work properly with them if they are allowed to get rusty by being left lying about. There are several sizes of Spades made; some, purposely intended for digging drains, have narrow blades, which are rather long in proportion. A medium size, usually known as No. 3, is that most generally useful for digging garden ground. Larger or smaller sizes are sometimes preferred when the soil to be dug is either very light or very heavy.