Order Lxxxiii
LORANTHEÆ. 306 Córnus W. 679 Vibúrnum W. 680 Sambúcus W.
None of these are cultivable; they are all genuine parasites rooting beneath the bark of the trees on which they grow, and deriving from their juices the whole of their nutriment. The Víscums have little or no grow, and deriving from their juices the whole of their nutriment. The Viscums have little or no beauty, but the Loránthi are among the most lovely of plants, hanging in clusters of rich scarlet flowers from the branches of trees in the tropics, which they often clothe with a beauty not their own. The misletoe of the Druids is supposed to have been the Loránthus europæ'us, the common Viscum never being seen upon the oak, while the Loránthus inhabits no other tree. If this be so, the latter must have once existed in this kingdom although now extinct. It has been suggested, that all vestiges of their religion were extirpated with the Druids, which will account for the Loranthus having disappeared wherever that religion formerly held its sway. 2054 Víscum W.
ORDER LXXXIV.
RUBIACEE.
Opposite entire leaves with intervening stipulæ, a monopetalous superior corolla, with a definite number of stamens and a bilocular ovarium, are the great characteristics of Rubiaceæ; an order of such extent that it embraces a very large proportion of the whole of phænogamous plants, including within its limits humble weeds and lofty trees, plants with important medicinal qualities and flowers of varied dyes, and herbs of neither value nor beauty as far as has yet been ascertained. The sections into which the order has been divided are merely artificial, with the exception of Stellatæ, which are the representatives of the order in northern regions. Among these the Rúbia, or madder, is the most important on account of its dye; Galium also possesses some qualities of minor consequence, which have been already indicated in the body of this work. Among the other sections, the plants of beauty or value are innumerable: of the former description, the genera Ixóra, Bouvárdia, Catesbæ'a , Portlandia, Coutárea, Gardénia, Mussæ'nda, Hamellia, Cephaélis, Cephalánthus, and many others, are notable examples; to the latter, every genus has a contribution of one kind or another.
The root of Oldenlándia umbelláta is employed in India for staining nankin; that of Morinda umbelláta in the Moluccas, and of Morínda citrifólia in India, is used for dying red and brown. The the Cinchona need not be insisted on; it is less generally known that the bark of Pincknéya púbens, Macrocnémum corymbósum, Guettárda coccinea, and Portlandia grandiflóra, possesses similar, but weaker powers. The bark and roots of Antirhóa are used, in the Isle of Bourbon, to stop hæmoris used for ink. Astringent properties of a very marked character are found in the juice of Nauclea found in the juice of Naúclea Gámbir of Hunter, and the Uncária Gámbir of Roxburgh, both which are confounded with Gum kino, which is the produce of a very different plant. Some of the species formerly comprehended under the genus Cinchona, but since separated by the name of Exostémma, possess strong emetic powers. The same qualities exist in Psychótria emética Cephaélis, Ipecacuanha, NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. and Psychotria herbácea, which are often used as ipecacuanha. The seed of the Coffea furnishes the valuable beverage which is SO much esteemed in Europe and the East, under the name of coffee. in Europe and the East, SECTION I. STELLATE. 266 Gálium W. 268 Aspérula W. 271 Crucianella W. 617 Phyllis W. 267 Rúbia W. 269 Sherárdia W. 2136 Valántia W.
SECTION II. 270 Spermacóce W. 290 Pavétta W. 479 Cofféa W. 285 Chomélia W. 291 Ernódea Swz. 288 Ixóra W. 294 Mitchélla W. 480 Chiocócca W. 482 Cánthium Pers. 494 Webéra W. 483 Psychótria W. 495 Plócama W. 833 Richárdia L. 292 Siderodendrum W. 439 Pædéria W. 287 Bouvárdia H. K. 261 Houstónia W. 293 Coccocýpsilum W. 295 Oldenlandia W. 296 Manéttia W. 406 Ophiorhiza L. 493 Erithalis W.
SECTION 456 Dentélla W 457 Macrocnémum W. 460 Rondelétia W. 455 Spermadictyon Roxb. 832 Híllia W. 289 Catesbæ'a L.
III. 485 Posoquéria Aubl. 458 Exostémma Rich. 462 Portlandia W. 461 Coutaréa Aubl. 487 Gardénia P. S. 488 Genípa P. S.
SECTION IV. 486 Vanguiéra W.
SECTION V. 484 Haméllia W. 489 Oxyánthus Dec. 490 Rándia P. S. 491 Mussæ'nda W. 492 Pincknéya Mich. 481 Seríssa W. 1981 Guettárda W.
SECTION VI. 497 Cephaélis W. 496 Morínda W. 498 Sarcocéphalus Afz. 521 Naúclea W. 286 Adína Sal. 275 Cephalánthus W. 459 Burchéllia R. Br. 2060 Anthospérmum W.