Order XXXV
HYPERICINEÆ.
The whole of these abound in a resinous juice, and are in most cases glandular in some degree. Their leaves are all dotted, and which is very remarkable, the dots are often black, even upon the yellow petals. These latter have a singular obliquity, which is not indicated by their outline, but by the arrangement of their veins. The juice just noticed as abundant in this order is yellow, viscid, rather bitter, often purgative or anthelmintic; and so very analogous to Gamboge, that the juice of Hypericum baccátum, and some other Guiana species, has received the name of American Gamboge. Most Hypericineæ are bitter, and slightly astringent, whence they have been used as febrifuges. A small part of the order is tropical; but in its most genuine form it consists of herbaceous or undershrubby plants, delighting in the shade of groves and thickets in the cooler parts of Europe and Asia. Nearly all the flowers are yellow; those of H. cochinchinense are dull red. 1618 Ascýrum W. 1617 Hypéricum W.
ORDER XXXVI.
GUTTIFERÆ. 694 Parnássia W.
Trees or shrubs found in the hottest parts of the world, and well known by their thick entire opposite leaves and resinous juice. In the countries where they grow they are of great importance. One, the Garcínia mangostána, bears a fruit, the equal of which is supposed not to exist. The well known Gamboge is the inspissated juice of Garcinia Gambógia, and, perhaps, other species; the juice of others is found an efficacious vermifuge, and also a remedy for the chiggers, one of the worst pests of equinoctial America. The bark and fruit of many Garcínias are astringent. The unripe fruits of Grías cauliflora are pickled. The flowers of all the order being showy, the foliage good, and the properties interesting, every species deserves cultivation. 1079 Garcinia W. 1085 Canélla W. 1190 Mamméa W. 1616 Xanthochýmus Roxb. 1189 Calophyllum W. 2151 Clúsia W. 1188 Grías W.