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Plants for Heavy Formal Effects: Acer

A. BORDER PLANTING. This group of trees and shrubs is composed of those specimens which either lend themselves to a natural, compact effect when pruned, or which possess an even, close habit of growth, fitting them particularly for formal effects. Plants used for this purpose should not be those which have a tendency to sucker and to make any indifferent growths in different directions. Acer saccharinum pyramidale Pyramidal Silver Maple Acer saccharum monumentale Columnar Sugar Maple Betula alba fastigiata Pyramidal White Birch Carpinus betulus European Hornbeam Catalpa bungei Round-leaved Catalpa Cercidiphyllum japonicum Kadsura Tree Hibiscus syriacus Rose of Sharon Juniperus communis hibernica Irish Juniper Juniperus communis suecica Swedish Juniper Juniperus virginiana Red Cedar Juniperus virginiana cannarti Columnar Tufted Cedar Juniperus virginiana glauca Blue Virginia Cedar Juniperus virginiana schotti Schott's Red Cedar Lonicera tatarica Tartarian Honeysuckle Picea excelsa pyramidalis Pyramidal Norway Spruce Populus alba pyramidalis Bolle's Poplar Populus nigra italica Lombardy Poplar Quercus robur fastigiata English Oak Sciadopitys verticillata Umbrella Pine Thuja occidentalis pyramidalis Pyramidal Arborvitae B. TOPIARY WORK AND CLOSE SHEARING. The plants in these two groups (a and b) are selected because they will adapt themselves, with careful attention, to close shearing and interesting topiary work. There are many plants which if sheared closely do not produce any effect of foliage until they have recovered from the pruning. All these specimens, however, can be sheared and still retain a mass foliage effect. a. Evergreen:

Buxus (all sorts) Boxwood Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Yellow Cedar Chamaecyparis obtusa nana Dwarf Japanese Cypress Ilex crenata Japanese Holly Picea excelsa Norway Spruce Picea orientalis Oriental Spruce Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine Pinus densiflora umbraculifera Dwarf Japanese Red Pine Pinus montana Swiss Mountain Pine Pinus montana mughus Dwarf Mountain Pine Taxus cuspidata Japanese Yew Taxus cuspidata nana Japanese Yew Tsuga canadensis Canadian Hemlock b. Deciduous:

Acer campestre European Cork Maple Acer platanoides globosum Globe Norway Maple Berberis thunbergi Thunberg's Japanese Barberry Carpinus betulus European Hornbeam Carpinus betulus globosa Globe Hornbeam Catalpa bignonioides nana Dwarf Indian Bean Cornus paniculata Grey Dogwood Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur Thorn Crataegus oxycantha May Thorn Evonymus alatus Cork-barked Burning Bush Ilex glabra Inkberry Ligustrum ibota Japanese Privet Ligustrum vulgare European Privet Viburnum opulus nanum Dwarf Bush Cranberry Viburnum prunifolium Black Haw C. GROWING IN TUBS. One of the most successful sources of obtaining refinement of detail in formal work is through the use of plants grown in tubs. These are particularly adapted to terraces, areas around pools, and places where plants must be trained for a specific detailed effect, and oftentimes cannot be planted in the ground at the place where the effect is desired.