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Plants for Minnesota

E. STREET TREES. The group of trees (a) given as entirely hardy is interesting for the following reasons: The American linden, here substituted for the European linden-which is of doubtful hardiness-is not ordinarily used elsewhere on account of dropping its leaves in late summer when used as a city street tree. The hackberry, while a native of the major part of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, does not succeed well enough outside of the northwestern portion of its range to enable listing it elsewhere as a street tree. Its natural habitat is rich, moist soil. The white ash is a handsome ornamental tree native of the eastern United States and not nearly often enough used as a street tree. a.

Entirely hardy under all conditions:

Acer saccharum Sugar Maple Celtis occidentalis Nettle Tree Quercus coccinea Scarlet Oak Quercus rubra Red Oak Fraxinus americana Tilia americana White Ash American Linden Ulmus americana American Elm b. Which should be selected with a thorough knowledge of the conditions under which they are to be used: Acer saccharinum Soft Maple Acer platanoides Norway Maple Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Populus eugenei Carolina Poplar Pyrus ioensis Western Crab Sorbus americana American Mountain Ash F. EVERGREENS MOST USED. The group of conifers most used in Minnesota is restricted to a few of the "ironclad" sorts. These are all native species and when used the following notes should be borne in mind. The hemlock is not naturally adapted to windswept places anywhere, and especially not in this region. Of the white fir only the Colorado form should be used, and while this plant will withstand considerable heat and drought it is intolerant of smoke and soot. The arborvitae suffers frequently from ice storms and should be protected from them. The Douglas spruce is one of the fastest if not the fastest growing conifer. It produces a soft foliage which requires that it be planted in groups for mutual protection against strong winds. Pinus nigra austriaca Austrian Pine Abies concolor White Fir Juniperus (in variety) Pinus resinosa Cedar Red Pine Picea alba Pinus strobus White Spruce White Pine Picea canadensis Black Hills Spruce Picea excelsa Norway Spruce Picea pungens glauca Koster's Blue Spruce Tsuga canadensis Canadian Hemlock Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine Pseudotsuga douglasi Douglas Fir Thuja occidentalis (in variety) American Arborvitae G. NOT HARDY IN MINNESOTA. The following group contains plants which are not hardy when used in the Minnesota section. These plants are generally in one of three groups: the early spring-flowering types, the broad-leaved and tender evergreens, and those which ripen their wood late in the fall. As a result of years of experience in landscape planting, these types have not proved hardy, although many of them are extremely hardy when used throughout the northwestern and central portions of the United States.

Acer palmatum Japanese Maple Akebia quinata Five-leaved Akebia Azalea (in variety) Azalea Benzoin aestivale Spice Bush Buxus (in variety) Boxwood Callicarpa (in variety) Mulberry Catalpa (in variety) Indian Bean Cercis canadensis Red-bud Chamaecyparis (in variety) Japanese Cypress Clethra alnifolia Sweet Pepper Bush Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood Cornus kousa Japanese Dogwood Cornus mas Cornelian Cherry Deutzia (in variety) Deutzia Exochorda (in variety) Pearl Bush Fagus sylvatica European Beech Forsythia (in variety) Golden Bell Halesia tetraptera Silver Bell Tree Hibiscus (in variety) Rose of Sharon Ilex (except verticillata) Holly Jasminum (in variety) Jasmine Kalmia (in variety) Laurel Kerria (in variety) Globe-flower Magnolia (in variety) Magnolia Mahonia (in variety) Oregon Grape Myrica (in variety) Bayberry Ligustrum (most varieties) Privet Prunus (most varieties) Flowering Almonds and Cherries Lonicera japonica halliana Japanese Honeysuckle Rhododendron (in variety) Rhododendron Taxus (in variety) Yew