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Summer (L twelve to twenty scattered)

l. twelve to twenty, scattered, more spreading than those of L. longiflorum, oblanceolate, the lower ones reaching 4in. to 6in. long, not distinctly petiolate. Stem 1ft. to 2ft. high, erect, stiff, terete. Japan, 1804. A very handsome but somewhat delicate species. (B. M. 1591; L. B. C. 438.) SYN. L. odorum (F. d. S. 876-7).

L. j. Brownii (Brown's). fl. sometimes three or four, 7in. to 8in. long, more drooping than those of the type, tinged with purple on the outside. Stem 3ft. to 4ft. high, marked with dark purple spots and streaks. (F. d. S. 47, 2248, under name of L. Brounii.) L. Krameri (Kramer's).* fl. white, slightly reddish, sweet-scented; perianth horizontal, solitary, broadly funnel-shaped, 6in. to 7in. long, with oblanceolate-oblong segments. July. l. distant, sparse, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, very shortly petiolate, firm, 6in. to 9in. long, 1/2in. to 3/4in. broad. Stem 3in. to 4in. high, slender terete, glabrous, purple-spotted. Japan. (B. M. 6058.) L. lancifolium (lance-shape-leaved). A synonym of L. elegans. L. Leichtlinii (Leichtlin's).* fl. one or two, bright yellow, spotted copiously down the face with large purplish-red dots, tinged with purple outside, inside spotted with vinous-red, 2 1/2in. to 3in. long; pedicles erecto-patent. July and August. l. all scattered, somewhat loose, erecto-patent; lower ones 3in. to 4in. long, 1/8in. to 1/4in. broad below the middle, with a long acute point. Stem 2ft. to 3ft. high, moderately slender. Japan, 1867. (B. H. 1869, 11; B. M. 5673; F. d. S. 1736; F. M. 509; I. H. 540.) L. L. majus (large). This is a luxuriant form, attaining a height of 5ft. The flowers are yellow, purple-black spotted. Japan, 1872. L. L. Maximowiczii (Maximowicz's). fl. three or four, the groundwork of colour bright scarlet. Stem dark purplish-brown, more distinctly cottony than in the type. SYN. L. Maximowiczii (R. G. 1868, 596).

L. L. platypetalum (broad-petaled). fl. bright pale red; perianth segments broader than in the type.

L. L. tigrinum (tiger-spotted). fl. orange-scarlet, thickly dotted with dark purple. l. erecto-patent, recurved at apex. (R. G. 664, under name of L. Maximowiczii tigrinum.) L. linifolium (Flax-leaved). A synonym of L. tenuifolium. L. Loddigesianum (Loddiges'). A synonym of L. monadelphum. L. longiflorum (long-flowered).* fl. pure white, fragrant, 5in. to 7in. long, shaped like a funnel with a neck, solitary or in twos, horizontal or slightly drooping. June. l. twenty to thirty at the flowering time; the lower ones crowded, erecto-patent, 3in. to 5in. long, linear, three to six lines broad about the middle, acute. Stem 1ft. to 2ft. high, stiff, terete, erect. Japan, China, &c., 1862. A very handsome species.(B. R. 560; F. d. S. 270; L. B. C. 985.) L. l. eximium (choice).* fl. white, large, infundibuliform-campanulate; limb segments revolute, firm, undulated, outer ones narrow and acutely callous at apex; inner ones narrower and obtusely rotundate at apex. l. few, clustered, narrow-lanceolate. Japan. SYN. L. Harrisii. (F. d. S. 283, 284, under name of L. eximium.) L. Martagon.* Martagon, or Turk's Cap Lily. fl. of a dull purplish-red, with copious spots of dark purple, pendulous, 1 1/4in. to 1 1/2in. deep; raceme more regularly pyramidal than that of any other species, reaching, in fine specimens, 1ft. in length, and sometimes nearly twenty-flowered. Summer. l. typically in three or four regular whorls of six to nine leaves each, with a few scattered ones placed usually between the uppermost and the inflorescence, oblanceolate-spathulate, acute. Stem 2ft. to 3ft. high, erect, terete, more or less pubescent. Bulb ovoid, 1in. to 1 1/2in. thick; scales bright yellow. Europe, Asia, 1596. A very distinct and largely-grown species.(B. M. 893, 1634; J. F. A. 351; Sy. En. B. 1518.) L. Maximowiczii (Maximowicz's). A synonym of L. Leichtlinii Maximowiczii. L. M. tigrinum (tiger-spotted). A synonym of L. Leichtlinii tigrinum. L. medeoloides (Medeola-like). fl. splendid orange-red, with a few purple spots, about 1 1/2in. long, solitary, or in umbels of two or three. l. either in a single whorl of seven to fourteen at the middle of the stem, or a few scattered, oblanceolate, similar to those of L. Martagon, 4in. to 6in. long. Stem 1ft. to 2ft. high, slender, terete, flexuose. Japan, 1878. A very distinct species, but probably not yet in cultivation. L. Michauxianum (Michaux's). A synonym of L. superbum carolinianum. L. monadelphum (monadelphous).* fl. pale bright yellow, tinged round the base with claret-red, 2 1/2in. to 3 1/2in. long, disposed in terminal pyramidal clusters. Autumn. l. always scattered, thirty to fifty to a stem, much-ascending, linear-lanceolate, acute, distinctly ciliated at the edge. Stem stout, erect, 3ft. to 5ft. high. Caucasus and Northern Persia, 1820. (B. M. 1405; R. G. 733.) SYN. L. Loddigesianum (P. F. G. 58). L. m. Szovitsianum (Szovits').* This differs from the type in having the "filaments free to the base, perianth reflexed from rather lower down, with segments broadest a little below the middle." The pollen is said to be deeper in colour. SYNS. L. colchicum, L. Szovitsianum (F. d. S. 507-9). L. neilgherrense (Neilgherries).* fl. white, sweet-scented, one to three, ascendent; perianth narrow, funnel-shaped; segments oblanceolate-unguiculate. l. glabrous, shining-green, ascendent, firm, three to five-nerved. Stem 2ft. to 3ft. high, upright. Neilgherries. Greenhouse. SYNS. L. tubiflorum, L. Wallichianum. (B. M. 6332.) L. nepalense (Nepaulese). fl. white, more or less suffused with purple on the outside towards the base, from 4in. to 5in. long, solitary, umbellate, or laxly racemose, about six-flowered, narrow, thyrsoid. l. thirty to fifty, scattered, linear-lanceolate; the lower ones 3in. to 4in. long, six to nine lines broad in the middle, acute, erecto-patent. Stem 1 1/2ft. to 3ft. high, erect, 1/4in. thick at the base. Central Himalayas, &c., 1855. Greenhouse. L. nitidum (bright). fl. bright yellow, 1 1/2in. long; panicle deltoid, 6in. to 12in. long, from ten to twenty-flowered; lower pedicels 2in. to 3in. long. l. up to twenty in a whorl, lanceolate, 1 1/2in. to 2in. long. Stem 1 1/2ft. long below the inflorescence, stout, terete. Bulb transversely oblong, with crowded, adpressed, lanceolate, white scales. California, 1880. L. odorum (odorous). A synonym of L. japonicum.

L. oxypetalum (sharp-petaled).* fl. solitary, terminal, some-what drooping, at first campanulate, at length spreading; sepals lilac-purple, with a green keel externally, the lower half within purple-dotted, ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, clawed at base. June. l., radical ones usually solitary, long, lanceolate, tapering to a petiole-like base; cauline ones distant, linear or linear-lanceolate, at length recurved. Stem 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. high. Pindari, Kumaon. (B. M. 4731, under name of Fritillaria oxypetala.) L. pardalinum (leopard-spotted).* fl. bright orange-red, with a lighter orange centre and large purple spots on the lower half, nodding, racemose, or the lower in whorls or long spreading pedicels. Summer. l. usually in three or four whorls of nine to fifteen, scattered above and below, narrowly lanceolate and sharply acuminate, 3in. to 7in. long, and three to twelve lines broad. Stems 3ft. to 7ft. long. California, 1875. A very handsome North American Lily, of which the following are the most distinct varieties: Bourgaei, one of the finest, producing stout stems, 6ft. to 7ft. in height, bearing from twelve to twenty flowers of a bright crimson, shading to orange, and freely spotted with maroon; californicum, a variety of more slender habit, growing from 3ft. to 4ft. in height, the brightest coloured of the forms here mentioned; pallidifolium, a dwarf variety, scarcely reaching 5ft. in height, flowers nearly double the size of the type, and paler in colour; Robinsoni, a robust variety, having stout stems, 7ft. to 8ft. in height, and massive, the flowers large, of a bright vermilion, shading to yellow, and freely spotted. L. Parryi (Parry's).* fl. pale yellow, copiously spotted with chocolate-red, fragrant, horizontal. Summer. l. usually scattered, occasionally the lower ones in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, 4in. to 6in. long, acuminate. Stem slender, 2ft. to 6ft. high. California, 1879. A distinct and handsome species. L. penduliflorum (pendulous-flowered). A synonym of L. canadense. L. pennsylvanicum (Pennsylvanian). A synonym of L. davuricum. L. peregrinum (foreign). A synonym of L. candidum pere grinum. L. philadelphicum (Philadelphian).* fl. bright orange-red usually spotted with purple in the lower half, 2in. to 3in. deep, under 2in. across at the mouth when expanded, solitary or umbellate; peduncles ascending, arcuate, or straight. Summer. l. typically in four or five regular whorls of six to eight each, 2in. to 4in. apart, spreading, narrowly oblanceolate, narrowed at both ends. Stem 1ft. to 3ft. high, rigid, slender. Bulb ovoid, 1in. thick. North America, 1754. (B. M. 519; B. R. 594; L. B. C. 976.) L. p. andinum (Andes). This variety differs principally from the type in having all its leaves linear and scattered.

L. philippense (Philippines). fl. horizontal, solitary; perianth white, slightly tinged with green at the base externally, narrow funnel-shaped, 7in. to 10in. long, sweet-scented, the divisions remaining permanently imbricated in the lower three-quarters, spreading falcately in the upper quarter, the three inner about 2in., and the three outer 1 1/2in., broad; stamens a little exserted. August. l. thirty to forty, loosely scattered down the stem, narrow-linear, sessile, falcate-ascending, 3in. to 4in. long, 1/8in. to 1/6in. broad, acute, glabrous, with narrowly-decurved edges not at all ciliated. Stem 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. high, slender, terete, glabrous, sometimes slightly mottled with purple. Philippine Islands. (B. M. 6250.) L. polyphyllum (many-leaved). fl. waxy-white, copiously spotted and lined with purple, 1 1/2in. to 2in. long, drooping, about four to six in a loose raceme; peduncles 2in. to 4in. long, stiff. Summer. l. all scattered, thirty to forty to a stem at the flowering time, much-ascending, linear-lanceolate; the lower ones 4in. to 5in. long, acute. Stem 2ft. to 3ft. high, moderately stout, terete. Temperate Western Himalaya, 1873. A rare and handsome greenhouse species.

L. pomponium (Pompone).* fl. bright red or tinged with orange, about twenty, arranged in a broad, rather regular, thyrsoid raceme, which is sometimes 1ft. long and broad; lower pedicels 3in. to 4in. long. Summer. l. always scattered, very numerous, as many as 100 to a stem, ascending; lower ones 3in. to 4in. long, 1/8in. to 1/6in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the point; edges inrolled, distinctly ciliated. Stem 1 1/2ft. to 3ft. high, strong, stiff, erect, finely furrowed. Northern Italy and Southern France, &c., 1659. (B. M. 971.) L. pseudo-tigrinum (false tiger-spotted).* fl. in four to six-flowered loose racemes; perianth beautiful scarlet, copiously dotted with black within; segments ovate-lanceolate; pedicels erecto-patent; filaments scarlet; anthers red; styles scarlet. July. l. scattered, linear, broad, recurved, spreading; margins revolute. Stem 3ft. to 4ft. China, 1867. (R. H. 1867, 410.) L. pulchellum (pretty). A synonym of L. concolor pulchellum. L. pumilum (dwarf). A synonym of L. tenuifolium.

L. pyrenaicum (Pyrenean).* fl. bright yellow, 1 1/2in. to 2in. long. pendulous, forming, in well-grown plants, a raceme of about twelve blossoms; lowest peduncles 3in. to 4in. long. Summer. l. always scattered, very numerous, as many as 100 to a stem, erecto-patent, acute; edge slightly inrolled, distinctly minutely-ciliated. Stem 2ft. to 4ft. high, strong, stiff, erect, finely furrowed. Pyrenees, 1596. This is closely allied to L. pomponium, under which it is placed as a sub-species by Mr. Baker in his revision of the Liliums published in the "Journal of the Linnean Society." L. Roezlei (Roezl's). fl. one to ten, corymbose or umbellate; perianth of a fine reddish-orange colour, 2in. to 3in. long; segments acuminate, about 1/2in. broad, yellow below, dotted with purple, reflexed. l. twenty to thirty, sometimes partly whorled, firm, glabrous, narrow-linear, acute; lower one 4in. to 5in. long, about 1/3in. broad. Stem 2ft. to 3ft. high, slender, glabrous. California, &c., 1871. (R. G. 667.) L. roseum (rose-coloured).* fl. lilac, handsome, large, drooping, racemose; perianth between campanulate and infundibuliform; sepals free to their base, almost spathulate, with reflexed apices. April. l. crowded at the base of the stem, but alternate, sessile, linear, acuminate, grassy; the lower ones 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. long, upper ones gradually passing into bracts. Stem 1 1/2ft. high, erect, terete, glabrous. Gossain Than and Kumaon. (B. M. 4725; B. R. 1845, 1, under name of L. Thomsonianum.) L. rubescens (reddish). A synonym of L. Washingtonianum purpureum. L. sinicum (Chinese). A synonym of L. concolor.

L. speciosum (showy).* fl. pure white, or more or less suffused and copiously spotted with claret-red, 3in. to 5in. long, usually three to ten in a broad deltoid raceme; peduncles bracteate, rigid, erecto-patent. Summer. l. about twenty at the flowering time; lower ones ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 6in. to 9in. long, 1 1/2in. to 2in. broad below the middle; upper ones lanceolate. Stem 1ft. to 3ft. high, rigid, erect, terete. Japan, 1832. A well-known and extensively cultivated species, varying considerably in the size and colouring of the flowers. It is most commonly known under the erroneous specific name of L. lancifolium, but the plant to which this name correctly belongs is L. elegans. (B. M. 3785; B. R. 2000; F. d. S. 276; P. M. B. v. 267.) L. s. albiflorum (white-flowered).* A very desirable form, with pure white flowers.

L. s. punctatum (spotted).* A variety having the white perianth segments not suffused, but only spotted with red.

L. s. roseum (rose-coloured).* A handsome variety, with rose-tinted flowers. L. spectabile (showy). A synonym of L. davuricum.

L. superbum (superb).* fl. orange-red, thickly spotted, from 3in. to 4in. long, often six to twelve, sometimes twenty to forty, disposed in a deltoid panicle 9in. to 12in. broad. July and August. l. often disposed in three or four or eight to ten-foliate whorls, few or much scattered, narrow-oblanceolate, acute, rather firm; lower ones 4in. to 5in. long, 1/2in. to 3/4in. broad. Stem 4ft. to 6ft. high, robust, upright, tinged with purple. Georgia, &c. (B. M. 936; F. d. S. 1014-15.) L. s. carolinianum (Carolina). fl. like those of the type. l. much fewer, broader, and shorter, often five or six disposed in a whorl near the middle of the stem. Stem 1ft. to 2ft. high. Southern United States. SYNS. L. autumnale (L. B. C. 335), L. carolinianum (B. M. 2280; B. R. 580), and L. Michauxianum. L. Szovitsianum (Szovits'). A synonym of L. monadelphum Szovitsianum. L. tenuifolium (narrow-leaved).* fl. usually solitary, rarely two, drooping or sub-erect, bright scarlet, about 1 1/4in. long. Summer. l. closely placed, much-ascending, thirty to fifty to a stem at the flowering time, linear-subulate, 1 1/2in. to 2in. long, not more than a line broad. Stem 6in. to 12in. high, very slender. Siberia, 1820. An elegant species. SYNS. L. linifolium and L. pumilum.

L. testaceum (light brown). fl. yellow, tinged with dull red, 2 1/2in. to 3in. deep, the lowest quarter connivent in a permanent cup; raceme rather regular, thyrsoid, usually from one to six, but sometimes twelve-flowered. End of July. l. always scattered, very close, sixty to a hundred to a stem at the flowering time, erecto-patent, linear. Stem reaching 5ft. to 6ft. in height, comparatively slender and wand-like, finely striated. 1841. SYNS. L. excelsum and L. isabellinum. A garden plant, probably a hybrid between L. candidum and L. chalcedonicum. (B. R. 1843, 11; F. d. S. i. 39; P. M. B. 1843, 221; R. G. 349.) L. Thomsonianum (Thomson's). A synonym of L. roseum. L. Thunbergianum (Thunberg's). A synonym of L. elegans. L. T. aureum nigro-maculatum (yellow, black-spotted). A synonym of L. elegans alutaceum.

L. tigrinum (tiger-spotted).* Common Tiger Lily. fl. bright deep orange-red, with numerous small, distinct, purplish-black spots 2 1/2in. to 4in. long; racemes deltoid, eight to twenty-flowered, 8in. to 9in. broad; lateral peduncles rigidly erecto-patent. July and August. l. twenty to thirty at the time of flowering, linear, scattered irregularly, erecto-patent or spreading, dark glossy green. Stems 2ft. to 4ft. high, erect, firm, robust, purplish-black, pubescent. China, 1804. A well-known and very desirable species. (B. M. 1237.) L. t. flore-pleno (double-flowered).* fl. bright orange-red, densely spotted with blackish-purple; perianth segments multiplied into about six series. Habit somewhat similar to Fortunei. Japan. (F. & P. 1871, 25.) L. t. Fortunei (Fortune's).* This fine variety differs from the type in its greater stature, its larger pyramidal heads, and its more conspicuous cobwebby pubescence. Stems 6ft. to 7ft. high, the upper 2ft. and upwards forming a broad pyramidal panicle of flowers. China, 1850.

L. t. splendens (splendid).* fl. sometimes twenty-five to a stem, of a bolder character than in Fortunei; spots fewer and larger. A fine variety. (F. d. S. 1931-2; F. & P. 1873, 15.) L. tubiflorum (tube-flowered). A synonym of L. neilgherrense. L. Wallichianum (Wallich's). fl. white, greenish towards the base outside, fragrant, usually solitary, casually two or three; 7in. to 9in. long. Summer. l. fifty to sixty, always narrow-linear, ascending, the lower reaching 8in. to 9in. long. Stem 4ft. to 6ft. high, 1/2in. thick at the base. Sub-temperate Central Himalayas. Greenhouse. (B. M. 4561; F. d. S. 612; L. & P. F. G. 1850, 120.) L. Wallichianum (Wallich's), of Wight. A synonym of L. neilgherrense. L. Washingtonianum (Washington's).* fl. white, tinged with purple or lilac, all more or less cernuous when expanded, fragrant, 2 1/2in. to 3 1/2in. long, narrowed gradually from the neck to the base; racemes about 1ft. long on strong-growing specimens, and from 8in. to 9in. broad when fully expanded.