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Summer (L in to in long cauline ones)

l. 2in. to 2 1/2in. long; cauline ones sessile, not auricled, lanceolate, coarsely fewtoothed, tapering at base; rameal ones stem-clasping, coarsely toothed at base. Stems 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. high, branched above. South Africa, 1872. A sparsely pubescent, greenhouse annual. (Ref. B. 251.) S. praecox (early). fl.-heads yellow, appearing before the leaves, on elongated pedicels; involucre cylindrical, eight to ten-leafleted, almost ebracteate; ray florets five, spreading; corymbs branched, seven or eight-headed. June. l. petiolate, cordate, acute, five to seven-angled or lobed, membranous. Stem fleshy-shrubby, branched, terete. h. 2ft. Mexico. A glabrous, greenhouse subshrub. (B. M. 4803.) S. pteroneura (wing-nerved). fl.-heads pale straw-colour, solitary, or two or three at the tips of the branches, erect, cylindric, scarcely 3/4in. long; involucral scales brownish-red about the middle; florets narrow, slender; peduncles very stout, longer than the involucre. November. l. only developed on very young shoots, elliptic or lanceolate, 1/4in. to 3/4in. long. Stems 4ft. to 8ft. high, loose, nearly erect; branches 3/4in. in diameter, nearly straight, obtuse. Morocco, 1872. A highly glabrous, glaucous, fleshy-shrubby, greenhouse plant. (B. M. 5945.) S. pulcher (pretty).* fl.-heads large, corymbose; involucre very broadly campanulate, calycled with pubescent-woolly, obtuse leaflets; ray florets nearly twenty, purple, longer than the yellow disk. Summer and autumn. l. oblong-lanceolate, crenate-toothed; radical ones petiolate; cauline ones sessile; upper ones half-amplexicaul, and slightly decurrent. Stem simple or branched. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Uruguay, 1872. A pretty, cobwebby-tomentose, hardy perennial. (B. M. 5959; R. H. 1877, p. 94.) S. pyramidatus (pyramidal).* fl.-heads yellow, many, 3/4in. in diameter, exclusive of the ten or twelve broad, spreading ray florets, disposed in a long, thyrsoid raceme, 6in. to 12in. long; involucre sub-calyculate, campanulate, woolly, of ten to twelve very broad scales. Summer. l. sessile, sub-terete, fleshy, acute, 3in. long, two to three lines wide, glabrous or cobwebby. Stem shrubby, fleshy, erect, simple, closely leafy below, sparsely so above, tomentose. h. about 2ft. South Africa, 1863. A very fine, greenhouse species. (B. M. 5396.) S. scaposus caulescens (scaped, caulescent). fl.-heads yellow; involucre cobwebby, scarcely calycled; ray florets about twelve; peduncles scape-like, 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. long, naked or sparsely scaly, usually bearing three to five long-pedicelled heads. August. l. 2in. to 3in. long, crowded at the apex of the stem or branches, fleshy, broadly linear, very obtuse, terete, the young ones cobwebby, the older ones glabrous. Stem fleshy-shrubby, 1ft. high, branched. South Africa, 1843. Greenhouse. (B. M. 4011, under name of S. calamifolius.) S. Skinneri (Skinner's). fl.-heads yellowish, fragrant, in terminal, corymbose racemes; ray florets few; bracteoles four to six, much spreading, subulate. June. l. alternate, rather long-petiolate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly fleshy, entire, indistinctly veined. h. 3ft. Guatemala, 1840. A pretty, highly glabrous, greenhouse, perennial climber, with tuberous roots. (B. M. 4511; L. & P. F. G. i. p. 77, f. 54; and L. J. F. 18, under name of Gynoxys fragrans.) S. speciosus (showy).* fl.-heads bright purple, 1 1/2in. in diameter, long-peduncled, in spreading corymbs; involucre densely glandular-hairy; ray florets six to twenty, narrow-linear; scape 1ft. or less high, with alternate, rather distant, erect leaves. July. l. 4in. to 7in. long, obovate, lanceolate, or narrowly linear-spathulate, crenately toothed or sinuately lobed, rarely sub-pinnatifid, sub-acute or obtuse, glandular-hairy. South Africa, 1789. Greenhouse perennial. (B. M. 6488; B. R. 41; L. B. C. 1113; G. C. n. s., xiv. p. 149; R. G. 1881, p. 310; A. B. R. 291, under name of S. pseudo-china.) S. stenocephala comosa (narrow-headed, tufted). fl.-heads yellow, with three ray florets, disposed in a dense, narrow-oblong spike. Summer. l., radical ones on long petioles, broadly ovate-sagittate, acuminate. Stem 2ft. high. Japan, 1881. A striking and ornamental, hardy perennial. (G. C. n. s., xvi. p. 301.) The flower-heads in the typical form possess but one ray floret each. S. sub-scandens (somewhat climbing). fl.-heads 1/2in. long, cylindric; involucral bracts five, red-tipped; florets about ten, dark ochreous-yellow, exceeding the involucre; pappus snow-white; cymes axillary and terminal, long-peduncled, much-branched. January. l. 5in. to 9in. long, pink-veined, pinnatiparted; lateral lobes two to six pairs, ovate or orbicular, distant, adnate, coarsely sinuate-toothed; terminal one deltoid, deeply cordate at base. Stems and branches cylindric, succulent. South Africa, 1873. A tall, herbaceous climber. (B. M. 6363.) S. uniflorus (one-flowered). fl.-heads yellow, few on long stalks, or solitary; involucre turbinate, half as long as the disk; ray florets expanding. July. l., lower ones divided, stalked, oblong; upper ones sessile, linear, entire. h. 3in. Alps of Europe, 1785. A pretty, cano-tomentose, hardy perennial, allied to S. incanus. (A. F. P. 17.)