Table of Contents
Agrimony
Description. This hath divers long leaves, some greater, some smaller, set upon a stalk, all of them dented about the edges, green above…
Water-Agrimony
Names. It is called in some countries water-hemp, bastard-hemp, and bastard-agrimony; also eupatorium, and hepatorium, because it…
Amaranthus
Names. Besides this common name, by which it is best known by the florists of our days, it is also called flower-gentle, flower-velure…
Anemone
Name. Called also wind-flower, because they say the flowers never open but when the wind bloweth; Pliny is my author, if it be not so…
Garden Arrach
Names. Called also orach, and orage.
Arrach, Wild and Stinking
Names. Called also vulvaria, from that part of the body, upon which the operation is most; also dog's arrach, goat's arrach, and stinking…
Alkanet
Names. Besides the common name, it is called orchanet and Spanish bugloss, and by apothecaries, enchusa.
Allheal
Names. It is called all-heal, and Hercules's woundwort, because it is supposed that Hercules learned the herb and its virtues from Chiron…
Prickly Asparagus, or Sperage
Description. It groweth usually in gardens, and some of it grows wild in Appleton meadows in Gloucestershire, where the poor people do…
Ash Tree
Names. This is so well known, that time will be mispent in writing a description of it; and therefore I shall only insist upon the virtues…
Adder's Tongue, or Serpents Tongue
Description. This herb hath but one leaf, which grows with the stalk a fingers length above the ground, being flat and of a fresh green…
Alehoof or Ground-Ivy
Names. Several countries give it several names, so that there is scarce an herb growing of that bigness that has got so many: It is called…
Black Alder Tree
Description. This tree seldom grows to any large size, but shoots out into many small branches, covered with a reddish brown bark; it bears…
Common Alder Tree
Description. This grows to a remarkable height, and spreads wide, if the soil and situation suit. The bark is brown, and the wood redder…
Alexander
Names. Called also Alisanders, horse parsley wildparsley, and the black pot-herb. The seed has frequently been sold for Macedonian parsley…
Wild Angelica
Description. A large and beautiful plant, found wild in many parts of this kingdom, and kept in our gardens. It grows to six or seven feet…
Arssmart
Names. The hot Arssmart is called also water-pepper, or culrage. The mild Arssmart is called dead Arssmart, percicaria, or peach-wort…
Archangel
Name. To put a gloss upon their practice, the physicians call an herb which country people vulgarly know by the name of dead nettle…
Amara Dulcis
Names. Besides amara dulcis, some call it mortal, others bitter-sweet; some woody night-shade, and others felon-wort.
Apple Tree
Description. This is a tree so well known for its fruit, that it would be needless to give any description of it here. Among the numerous…
Assarabacca
Description. A very little and low plant. The roots creep near the surface of the ground, from whence rise many smooth leaves, every upon…
Asparagus, Sparagus, or Sperage
Description. It riseth up at first with divers white and green scaly heads, very brittle and easy to break while they are young, which…
Azalea
Description. Trailing Azalea has a long spreading root, divided into many parts, and furnished with numerous fibres spreading every way in…
Bay-Tree
This is so well known that it needs no description; I shall therefore only write the virtues thereof, which are many.
Barberry
This shrub is so well known to every boy or girl that hath but attained to the age of seven years, that it needs no description.
Barley
The continual usefulness hereof hath made all in general so acquainted herewith, that it is altogether needless to describe it, several…
Garden Bazil, or Sweet Bazil
Description. The greater or ordinary basil riseth up usually with one upright stalk, diversely branching forth on all sides, with two…
The Beech Tree
Name. In treating of this tree, you must understand that I mean the green mast beech, which is by way of distinction from that other small…
French Beans
Description. This French or kidney bean ariseth at first but with one stalk, which afterwards divides itself into many arms or branches…
Water Betony
Names. Called also brown-wort, and in Yorkshire, bishop's leaves. Description. First, of the water betony, which riseth up, with square…
Wood Betony
Description. Common or wood betony hath many leaves rising from the root, which are somewhat broad and round at the end, roundly dented…
The Birch Tree
Description. This groweth a goodly tall straight tree, fraught with many boughs, and slender branches bending downward: the old being…
Bilberries
Names. Called by some whorts; and whortle berries.
Bifoil, or Twablade
Description. This small herb, from a root somewhat sweet, shooting downward many long strings, riseth up a round green stalk, bare or naked…
Bird's Foot
Description. This small herb groweth not above a span high, with many branches spread upon the ground, set with many wings of small leaves…
Bishop's-Weed
Names. Besides the common name bishop's-weed, it is usually known by the Greek name Ammi and Ammoi; some call it Ethiopian cummin-seed, and…
Lady's Bedstraw
Names. Besides the common name above written, it is called cheese rennet, because it performs the same office; as also gallion…
Bistort, or Snakeweed
Names. It is called snakeweed, English serpentary, dragon-wort, osteric, and passions.
One Blade
Description. This small plant never beareth any more than one leaf, but only when it riseth up with its stalk, which thereon beareth…
Blights
Description. Of these there are two sorts commonly known, viz. white and red. The white hath leaves somewhat like unto beets, but smaller…
Borage and Bugloss
These are so well known to be inhabitants of every garden, that I think it needless to describe them.
Bramble
Name. It is also called blackberry bush, and is so well known that it needs no description; its virtues are as follow.
Briony
Names. It is called wild-vine, wood-vine, tamus, and our lady's seal; the wild is called white-vine, and the black, black-vine.
Brank-Ursine
Names. Besides the common name brank-ursine, it is also called bear's breech, and acanthus; though I think our English names more proper…
Brooklime
Name. It is also called water-pimpernel.
Butcher's Broom
Names. It is called ruscus and bruscus, knee-holm, knee-holly, knee-hulver, and pettigree.
Broom and Broom-Rape:
To spend time in writing a description hereof is altogether needless, it being so generally used by all the good housewives almost through…
Blue-Bottle
2 pages
Buck's Horn
Names. It is called hart's-horn, herba-stella, and herba-stellaria, sanguinaria, herb-eve, herb-ivy, wort-cresses, and swine-cresses…
Buck's-Horn Plantain
Description. This being sown of seed, riseth up at first with small, long, narrow, hairy, dark green leaves like grass, without any…
Burnet
Names. It is also called sanguisorbia, pimpinella, bipenula, solbegrella, &c. Common garden burnet is so well known that it needeth no…
Burdock
Names. They are also called personata, bardona, appa major, great burdock and clot bur. It is so well known, even to the little boys who…
Butter-Bur
Name. This herb is called petasitis.
Blackbind-Weed
Name. It is also called with-wind.
Balsam-Tree
Name. The Arabians call it balessan, the Greeks balsamin, and the Latins balsamum; the liquor they called opobalsamum, the berries or fruit…
Cabbages and Coleworts
Names. I shall spare a labour in writing a description of these, since almost every one that can but write at all may describe them from…
Sea-Colewort
Description. This hath divers somewhat long, broad, large, thick, wrinkled, leaves, crumpled upon the edges, growing each upon a several…
Camomile
It is so well known every where, that it is but lost time and labour to describe it. The virtues thereof are as followeth:
Calamint
Names. It is called also mountain mint.
Water-Caltrops
Names. They are called also, tribulus aquaticus, tribulus lacustris, tribulus marinus, caltrops, saligot, water-nuts, and water-chesnuts…
Carduus Benedictus
Names. It is called carduus benedictus, or blessed thistle, or holy thistle, I suppose the name was put upon it by some that had little…
Campion Wild
Description. The wild white campion hath many long and somewhat broad dark green leaves, lying upon the ground, and divers ribs therein…
Chervil
Names. It is called cerefolium, mirrhis, and mirrhs, chervel, sweet chervil, and sweet cicely.
Sweet Chervil, or Sweet Cicely
Description. This groweth very like the great hemlock, having large spread leaves cut into divers parts, but of a fresher green colour than…
Chesnut Tree
It were as needless to describe a tree so commonly known as to tell a man he hath gotten a mouth: therefore take the government and virtues…
Earth-Chesnuts
Names. They are called earth-nuts, earth-chesnuts, ground-nuts, ciper-nuts, and in Sussex pig-nuts. A description of them were needless…
The Cherry Tree
I suppose there are but few but know this tree, for its fruit's sake; and therefore I shall spare writing a description thereof. Place. For…
Winter Cherries
Description. The winter cherry hath a running or creeping root in the ground, of the bigness many times of one's little finger, shooting…
Cock's Head
Names. Otherwise called red fitchling, or medick fetch. Description. This hath divers weak but rough stalks, half a yard long, leaning…
Columbines
These are so well known, growing in almost every garden, that I think I may save the expence of time in writing a description of them…
Cowslips
Name. Known also by the name of peagles.
Crab's Claws
Names. Called also water-sengreen, knight's pondwater, water-houseleek, pond-weed, and fresh-water-soldier.
Black Cresses
Description. It hath long leaves deeply cut and jagged on both sides, not much unlike wild mustard; the stalks are small, very limber…
Water-Cresses
Description. Our ordinary water-cresses spread forth with many weak, hollow, sappy stalks, shooting out fibres at the joints, and upwards…
Sciatica Cresses
Description. These are of two kinds; the first riseth up with a round stalk, about two feet high, spread into divers branches, whose lower…
Red, White, and Black Currants
Names. The Latin names for currants are ribes; and ribes fructu rubro the red currant, albo white, and nigro black.
Crane's-Bill
Name. Called also Dove's-foot.
Carnation
Name. Called also clove July-flower.
Catmint
Description. Catmint has tall, square, hoary stalks, pretty much branched, having at the joints too pretty large softish leaves, in shape…
Cornel-Tree
Name. Called also dog-berry.
Clown's Woundwort
Description. It groweth up sometimes to three or four feet high, but usually about two feet, with square green, rough stalks, but slender…
Coltsfoot
Names. Called also cough-wort, foal's foot, horsehoof, and bull's foot. Description. This shooteth up a slender stalk with small yellowish…
Comfrey
Description. The common great comfrey hath divers very large and hairy green leaves, lying on the ground, so hairy or prickly, that if they…
Coral Wort
Names. It is called by some tooth-wort, toothed violet, dog-teeth violet, and dentaris.
Costmary
Names. Called also alecost, or balsam herb.
Cudweed
Names, Besides cudweed, it is also called cottonweed, chaff-weed, dwarf cotton, and petty cotton.
Crowfoot
Names. Many are the names this furious biting herb hath obtained; it is called frog's foot, from the Greek name barrakion, crow-foot…
Cuckow-Point
Names. It is called alron, janus, and barba-aron, calve's-foot, ramp, starch-wort, cuckow-pintle, priest's pintle, and wake-robin…
Cross-Wort
Description. Common cross-wort groweth with square hairy brown stalks little above a foot high, having four small, broad and pointed…
Cucumbers
According to the pronunciation of the vulgar, cowcumbers. Government and virtues. There is no dispute to be made, but that they are under…
Cubebs
Cubebs are small berries, somewhat sweet, about the bigness of pepper-corns, yet not so black nor solid, but more ragged or crested, being…
Calve's Snout
Names. Called also snap-dragon, and toad-flax.
Celery
Description. It rises from a long thick white root, sometimes simple, sometimes divided, and of a pleasant taste. The leaves are large, and…
Great Celandine
Description. This has divers tender, round, whitish green stalks, with greater joints than ordinary in other herbs as it were knees, very…
Lesser Celandine
Description. This celandine, or more properly pilewort or fog-wort, spreads many round pale green leaves set on weak and trailing branches…
Dandelion
Vulgarly called piss-a-beds.
Darnel
Names. It is called jum and wray; in Sussex they call it crop, it being a pestilent enemy among corn.
Daisies
These are so well known almost to every child, that I suppose it needless to write any description of them. Take therefore the virtues of…
Devil's Bit
Description. This rises up with a round, green, smooth stalk, about two feet high, set with divers long and somewhat narrow, smooth, dark…
Dragons
They are so well known to all those who plant them in their gardens, they need no description; if not, let them look down to the lower end…
Duck's-Meat
This is so well known to swim on the tops of standing waters, as ponds, pools, and ditches, that it is needless further to describe it…
Dodder of Thyme, Epithymum, and Other Dodders
Description. The first from seed giveth roots in the ground, which shooteth forth threads or strings, grosser or finer, as the property of…
Dog's-Grass
Names. Called also cough-grass, and quick-grass.
Dog's-Mercury
Description. This is a rank poisonous plant, that grows about a foot high, and has but few leaves, but they are large; the stalk is round…
Dog-Rose
Name. Called also wild-rose.
Dog-Tooth
Description. A very pretty plant, small, with two broad leaves, and a large dropping flower: it grows five, or six inches high. The stalk…
The Elder Tree
I hold it needless to write any description of this, since every boy that plays with a pop-gun will not mistake another tree instead of…
The Dwarf-Elder
Description. This is but an herb, every year dying with his stalks to the ground, and rising fresh every spring, and is like unto the elder…
The Elm Tree
This tree is so well known, growing generally in all counties of this land, that it is needless to describe it.
Erysisnum
Description. This plant has long leaves deeply cut or jagged on the edges, not much unlike those of wild mustard: the stalks are small…
Eveweed
Description. This grows with a round, upright firm stalk, but the top of it usually drops. The leaves are placed irregularly on it, and are…
Eyebright
Description. Common eyebright is a small low herb, rising up usually but with one blackish green stalk a span high or not much more, spread…
Eryngo
Description. Common eryngo has pretty large, white, and long roots, which spread much in the earth, and run deep in the same. The leaves…
Fellwort
Description. A species approaching gentian, for which it is often taken by the common herbalists. The root is small, long, brown, and…
Sea Feverfew
Description. This grows about eight inches high, upright, and branchy. The stalk is thick and ruddy; and the leaves are of a dull green…
Sweet Feverfew
Description. The leaves of these feverfews are stringy and very narrow, but the flower indicates the species. The stalks are stiff, round…
Corn Feverfew
Description. This is an hateful weed to farmers; but yet it possesses virtues that may recompence all the damage it can do among the corn…
Common Feverfew
Description. Common feverfew has large, fresh, green leaves, much toru or cut on the edges. The stalks are hard and round, set with many…
Common Fennel
Description. It has large, thick, white roots, which run deep into the ground, much dividing, beset with small fibres. It has large winged…
Hog's Fennel
Names. Called also sow-fennel, hoar-strange, hoar-strong, sulphur-wort, and brimstone-wort.
Osmond Royal, or Water-Fern
Description. This shooteth forth in spring time (for in the winter the leaves perish) divers rough hard stalks, half round and yellowish…
Fig-Wort, or Throat-Wort
Description. Common great fig-wort sendeth divers great strong, hard square brown stalks, three or four feet high, whereon grow large…
Filipendula
Name. Called also Dropwort.
Fig-Tree
Description. The fig tree seldom grows to be a tree of any great bigness in our parts, being clothed with large leaves bigger than…
Flax-Weed, or Toad-Flax
Description. Our common flax-weed hath divers stalks full fraught with long and harrow ash-coloured leaves, and from the middle of them…
Yellow Water-Flag
Names. Called also flower de luce, myrtle flag, and myrtle grass. Description. This plant is distinguished from all others, in that, among…
Bastald Water-Flag
Description. This iris, that grows so common is ditches and watery places, bears leaves like the common flower de luce, only somewhat…
Flea-Wort
Description. Ordinary flea-wort rises up with a stalk two feet high or more, full of joints and branches on every side up to the top, and…
Fluxweed
Description. It riseth up with a round, upright, hard stalk, four or five feet high, spreading into sundry branches, whereon grow many…
The Furze Bush
It is so well known by this name, as it is in some counties by the name of gorz or whins, that I shall not need to write any description…
Fir-Tree
Description. There are two sorts of fir, one called the silver or yew-leaved, which is reckoned an exotic, coming originally from Germany…
Golden Rod
Description. It groweth up with brownish, small, round stalks, two feet high, and sometimes more; having thereon many narrow and long dark…
Gout-Herb
Name. This herb is also frequently called herb gerrard. Description. It is very low, seldom rising more than half a yard high; it consists…
Gromel
Of this I shall briefly describe three kinds, which are chiefly used medicinally! The virtues of each are the same, but different in the…
Gooseberry-Bush
Names. Called also feap-berry, and in Sussex dewberry-bush, and likewise in many places wine-berry.
Winter-Green
Description. It shoots forth seven, eight, or nine leaves, from a small, brownish, creeping root, each standing upon a long footstalk; they…
Garlick
The offensiveness of the breath of him that hath eaten garlick, will lead you by the nose to the knowledge hereof, and (instead of a…
Gentain, Felwort, or Baldmony
It is confessed that gentain, which is most used among us, is brought over beyond sea, yet we have two sorts of it growing frequently in…
Stinking Gladwin
Description. This is one of the kinds of flower-de-luce, having divers leaves arising from the roots, very like a flower-de-luce, but that…
Groundsel
Description. Our common groundsel hath a round green and somewhat brownish stalk, spreading toward the top into branches, set with long and…
Gall-Oak
Description. The strong gall-oak, so named from the fruit it bears, doth not grow so large nor high as the other oaks, but shorter and very…
Germander
Description. Germander has a spreading creeping root, which sends forth several square hairy branches, scarce a foot high, having two small…
Water Germander
Description. This has a small stringy creeping root, from which spring a great many square hairy stalks, about a foot high, beset with two…
Water Gladiole
Description. This marshy plant has a thick bulbous root, furnished with many short thin fibres, the stem of the plant is round, very…
Heart's-Ease
Name. It is called in Sussex pansies, and is so well known by almost every person, that I shall decline troubling my readers with a…
Heartichoke
Names. The Latins call them cineria, and they are also termed artichocus. Government and virtues. They are under the dominion of Venus…
Hazel-Nut
They are so well known to every boy, that they require no description. Government and virtues. They are under the dominion of Mercury. The…
Hawthorn
I do not mean to trouble my readers with the description of a tree so universally known to almost every inhabitant of this kingdom. It is…
Hen-Bane
Description. The common hen-bane hath very large, thick, soft, woolly, leaves, lying upon the ground, much cut or torn on the edges, of a…
Hawk-Weed
Description. It hath many large leaves lying on the ground, having many deep gashes on the edges, somewhat like those of the sow-thistle…
Hemlock
Description. The common great hemlock groweth up with a green stalk, four or five feet high, full of red spots; at the joints are set very…
Hedge-Hyssop
Description. There are several sorts of this plant, the first of which is a native of Italy, and only reared here by the curious. Two or…
Black Hellebore
Names. It is called also fetter-wort, fetter-grass bear's-foot, Christmas-herb, and Christmas-flower.
Herb-Robert
Description. It grows up with a reddish stalk about two feet high, bearing on long and reddish footstalks many leaves: these are divided at…
Slender Honewort
Description. This is a species of the stone parsley a weak plant, of two feet and a half in height; the stalk is brown, and very slender…
Corn-Honewort
Description. This rises from a long thick white root; the stalks are numerous, round, fleshy, and a foot and a half high: they are of a…
Hyssop
It is so universally known, that I consider it altogether needless to write any description of it. Its virtues are these:- Temperatures and…
Horehound
Description. Common horehound groweth up with square hairy stalks, half a yard or two feet high, set at the joints with two round crumbled…
Honey-Suckle
Name. Called also wood-bind.
Dwarf Honey-Suckle
Description. The root is long and slender, and spreading. It runs under the surface, and is furnished with many fibres. The stalk is round…
Honey-Wort
Description. There are several species of the honey-worts, consisting of the great, small, and rough, as the greater yellow and red, the…
Herb True-Love
Names. Called also one-berry.
Good Henry
Name. Called also English mercury, Description. This mercury has a thick, yellowish, perenial root, with several fibres; the leaves grow…
Hare's Ear
Description. This has a long slender white root; the stalks are numerous, and very small; they are a foot and a half high, and are divided…
Hare's Foot
Description. This plant seldom rises very high, but spreads out into many slender branches, having small narrow hairy trefoil leaves set at…
Common Hedge-Weed; Garlic Hedge-Weed; Winter Hedge-Weed
Description. Common and winter hedge-weed are often indiscriminately taken for hedge-mustard, and that without much fear of making any…
Houseleek or Sengreen
Both these are so well known to my countrymen, that I shall not need to write any description of them.
Holly, Holm, or Hulver Bush
For to describe a tree so well known is needless.
Hound's Tongue
Description. The great ordinary hound's tongue hath many long and somewhat narrow, soft hairy, darkish green leaves, from amongst which…
St. John's Wort
Description. Common St. John's wort shooteth forth brownish, upright, hard, round stalks, two feet high, spreading many branches from the…
Juniper Bush
For to give a description of a bush so commonly known is needless. Place. They grow plentifully in divers woods in Kent, Warney Common…
Kidneywort, or Wall Pennyroyal, or Wall Pennywort
Description. It hath many thick, flat, and round leaves growing from the root, every one having a long foot-stalk fastened underneath…
Knapweed
Description. The common sort hereof hath many long and somewhat broad dark green leaves, rising from the root, dented about the edges, and…
Knotgrass
It is generally so well known that it needeth no description. Place. It groweth in every country of this land, by the high-way sides, and…
Lavender-Cotton
It being a common garden herb, I shall forbear the description, only take notice, that it flowereth in June and July.
Lady's Smock, or Cuckow-Flowers
Description. The root is composed of many small white threads, from whence spring up divers long stalks of winged leaves, consisting of…
Lily of the Valley
Names. Called also conval lily, male lily, and lily constancy. Description. The root is small, and creepeth far in the ground, as grass…
White Lilies
It were in vain to describe a plant so commonly known in every one's garden; therefore I shall not tell you what they are, but what they…
Water Lily
Of these there are two principally noted kinds, viz. the white and the yellow. Description. The white lily hath very large and thick, dark…
Lettuce
It is so well known, being generally used as a salad-herb, that it is altogether needless to write any description thereof. Government and…
Lady's Mantle
Description. It hath many leaves rising from the root standing upon long hairy footstalks, being almost round, and a little cut on the…
Lavender
Being an inhabitant almost in every garden, it is so well known, that it needeth no description.
Lungwort
Description. This is a kind of moss that groweth on sundry sorts of trees, especially oaks and beeches, with broad, greyish, tough leaves…
Lovage
Description. It hath many long and green stalks of large winged leaves, divided into many parts, like smallage, but much larger and…
Liquorice
Description. Our English liquorice riseth up with divers woody stalks, whereon are set at several distances many narrow, long, green…
Loosestrife, or Willowherb:
Description. Common yellow loosetrife groweth to be four or five feet high, or more, with great round stalks a little crested, diversly…
Liverwort
Description. Common liverwort groweth close, and spreadeth much upon the moist and sandy places with many small green leaves, or rather (as…
Wall Rue, or White Maiden-Hair
Description. This hath very fine pale green stalks almost as fine as hair, set confusedly with divers pale green leaves on every short…
Golden Maiden-Hair
To the former give me leave to add this, and I shall no more but only describe it unto you, and for the virtues refer you to the former…
Sweet Marjoram
Sweet marjoram is so well known, being an inhabitant in every garden, that it is needless to write any description thereof, neither of the…
Wind Marjoram
Names. Called also origane, origanum, eastward marjoram, wild marjoram, and grove marjoram.
Madder
Description. Garden madder shooteth forth many very long, weak, four-square, reddish stalks, trailing on the ground a great way, very rough…
Sweet Maudlin
Description. Common maudlin bath somewhat long and narrow leaves, snipped about the edges. The stalks are two feet high, bearing at the…
Marigolds
These being so plentiful in every garden, are so well known, that they need no description.
Masterwort
Description. Common masterwort hath divers stalks of winged leaves, divided into sundry parts, three for the most part standing together…
Mallows and Marshmallows
Common mallows are generally so well known that they need no description. Our common marshmallows have divers soft hairy white stalks…
Mellilot, or King's Claver
Description. This hath many green stalks, two or three feet high, rising from a tough, long, white root, which dieth not every year, set…
The Medlar
Description. The tree groweth near the bigness of the quince tree, spreading branches reasonably large, with longer and narrower leaves…
Maple Tree
Government and virtues. It is under the dominion of Jupiter. The decoction either of the leaves or bark must needs strengthen the liver…
French and Dog Mercury
Description. This riseth up with a square great stalk full of joints, two feet high, or thereabouts, with two leaves at every joint, and…
Dog Mercury
Having described to you that which is called French mercury, I come now to give you a description of this kind also.
Mugwort
Description. Common mugwort hath divers leaves lying upon the ground very much divided, or cut deeply in about the brims, somewhat like…
The Mulberry Tree
This is so well known where it groweth, that it needeth no description. Time. It beareth fruit in the months of July and August. Government…
Mullein
Description. Common white mullein hath many fair large, wooly white leaves, lying next the ground, somewhat larger than broad, pointed at…
Mustard
Description. Our common mustard hath large and broad rough leaves, very much jagged with uneven and unorderly gashes, somewhat like turnip…
Misselto
Description. This riseth up from the branch or arm of the tree whereon it groweth, with a woody stem, putting itself into sundry branches…
Moneywort, or Herb Twopence
Description. The common moneywort sendeth forth from a small thready root divers long, weak, and slender branches, lying and running upon…
Moonwort
Description. It riseth up usually but with one dark, green, thick and flat leaf, standing upon a short foot-stalk not above two fingers…
Motherwort
Description. This hath a hard, square, brownish, rough, strong stalk, rising three or four feet high at least spreading into many branches…
Mouseear
Description. Mouse-ear is a low herb, creeping upon the ground by small strings, like the strawberry-plant, whereby it shooteth forth small…
Mosses
I shall not trouble the reader with a description of these since my intent is to speak only of two kinds, as the most principal, viz…
The Hedge-Mustard
Description. This groweth up usually but with one blackish green stalk, tough, easy to bend, but not to break, branched into divers parts…
Mastic-Tree
Names. It is called in Latin lentiscus; and the gum or rosin, resina lentisina, mastiche, and mastix: in English, mastic. Description. The…
Mealy-Tree
Names. It is called also the way-faring tree; and by Mr. Parkinson, from the pliability of the twigs and branches, the pliant mealy tree…
Mayweed
Kinds and Names. There are three sorts: 1. Colula foetida, or Anthemis, stinking mayweed. 2. Cotula non foetida, mayweed with no scent…
Madwort
Place. It is often sown in gardens. The seed comes from Italy. Time. It flowers and flourishes in May; the seed is ripe in August…
Mandrake
The mandrake is male and female.
Mushroom
Description. Mushrooms are plants more perfect than many people imagine. They have a regular root, a stalk consisting of several…
Nailwort, or Witlowgrass
Description. This very small and common herb hath no root, save only a few strings; neither doth it ever grow to be above a hand's breadth…
Nep. or Catmint
Description. Common garden nep shooteth forth hard four-square stalks, with a hoarness on them, a yard high or more, full of branches…
Nightshade
Description. Common nightshade bath an upright, round, green, hollow stalk, about a foot or half a yard high, bushing forth in many…
Deadly Nightshade
Description. The flower is bell-shaped; it hath a permanent empalement of one leaf, cut into five parts; is hath five stamina risipg from…
Woody Nightshade
Called also bitter sweet, dulc' amara, and amara dulcis. Place. It grows by the sides of hedges, and in moist ditches, climbing upon the…
Navel-Wort, or Pennywort
Names and Kinds. It is called umbilicus veneris, and herba concendicum. There are seven different kinds.
Nipple-Wort
Names and kinds. Of this there are three kinds: 1. The ordinary nipple-wort, called Lapsana vulgaris. 2. The nipple-wort of Austria, called…
Nettles
Nettles are so well known that they need no description; they may be found, by feeling, in the darkest night.
Wild Navew
Description. This is a much less plant than the garden navew, having a long slender whitish sticky root, full of fibres at the bottom: the…
The Oak
It is so well known (the timber thereof being the glory and safety of this nation by sea) that it needeth no description.
Orchis
It hath a great variety of names, though most generally known by this. Description. To enumerate all the different sorts of it is needless…
Olive Tree
Description. The olive-tree grows to a great bigness in its native climate, being full of branches, whose twigs are of a grey or…
Onix, or One-Leaf
Description. This is a very singular little plant, and is sometimes found in authors described under the title of Lily of the Valley. It…
Orpine
Description. Common orpine riseth up with divers round brittle stalks, thick set with fat and fleshy leaves, without any order, and very…
Purple Hedge-Parsley
Description. This grows from a long slender root, that is hung with many straggling fibres. The leaves are large and beautiful, of a fine…
Knotted Hedge-Parsley
Description. This is a smaller plant than the formes, it not growing more than a foot high. The leaves are pinnated, and resemble those of…
Fool's Parsley
Description. This parsley has many winged leaves, which are composed of more and rounder sections than the common parsley, resembling the…
Rock-Parsley
Description. This has a long striated stalk, with small grassy leaves, of a pale green, and they are in a very elegant manner divided into…
Parsley Piert, or Parsley Breakstone
Description. The root, although it be very small and thready, yet it continues many years, from whence arise many leaves, lying along on…
Common Parsley
Description. The roots of parsley are long, thick, and white, having a somewhat wrinkled bark; from which spring many shining, green…
Common Garden Parsnip
Description. This has a long and large root, running deep into the earth, not much branched, white in the inside, of a pleasant sweet…
Cow Parsnep
Description. This grows with three or four large, spread-winged, rough leaves, lying often on the ground, or else raised a little from it…
Least Water Parsnep
Description. It rises from many small fibres, with round, striated, and branched stalks, about six inches high. The leaves are placed…
Wild Parsnep
Description. The wild parsnep differs little from the garden, but grows not so fair and large, nor has so many leaves, and the root is…
Upright Water Parsnep
Description. This water-parsnep has large, deep green leaves, consisting of several longish pinnae, broad at the bottom, narrow, and sharp…
Pearlwort
Description. There are two sorts principally known the upright and the trailing. They both rise from a white slender fibrous root. The…
Pear-Tree
Pear-trees are so well known that they need no description. Government and virtues. The tree belongs to Venus, and so doth the apple-tree…
Pellitory of Spain
There are two sorts of pellitory; one cultivated, and one wild. Description. Common pellitory is a very common plant, and will not be kept…
Peach-Tree
Description. A peach-tree grows not so great as the apricot-tree, yet spreads branches reasonable well, from whence spring smaller reddish…
Common Marsh Pennywort
Description. The root is roundish, tuberous, and furnished with many fibres from the bottom. The leaves rise in thick and regular clusters…
Pennyroyal
Description. The common pennyroyal is so well known, that it needeth no description.
Common, or Male Pimpernel
Description. This is a small low plant, not above a span high, having a great many square smooth stalks, with small chickweed-like leaves…
Female Pimpernel
Description. This differs in nothing from the former, but in the colour of its flowers, which in this are blue; and it is more rarely to be…
Water Pimpernel
Description. This pimpernel has divers weak square stalks lying on the ground, beset all with two small and almost round leaves at every…
Peter's Wort
Name. Called also spelt.
Common Pilewort
Description. This small plant, besides the slender, white, fibrous root, that spreads and fastens itself in the ground, has several small…
Water Pepper
Description. Our common water pepper sends forth somewhat long and broa leaves, of a light blueish greenish colour, finely dented about the…
Periwinkle
Description. The common sort hereof has many branches trailing or running upon the ground, shooting out small fibres at the joints as it…
Dover Plantain
Description. This varies extremely in size, according to the degree of nourishment it receives; and hence the common writers have described…
Grass Plantain
Description. This is a singular grassy and apparently weedy herb. The leaves are very green, curling, and involving one with another in a…
Hoary Plantain
Description. This differs from the first mentioned in only having a soft down growing all over it, and seldom rising so high. In every…
Ribwort Plantain
Description. This plantain has longer and much narrower leaves than the former, sharp pointed, and having five remarkable ribs, or nerves…
Sea Plantain
Description. This is but a small plant of about four or five inches high. It has numerous long and narrow leaves, of a greyish green, a…
Water Plantain
Description. This has a thick, tufty, fibrous, and perennial root; the leaves are supported on long, hollowed, weak, spongy, leaf-stalks…
Lesser Water Plantain
Description. This is only a smaller plant, not arising to the same height, and the leaves are narrower, yet they have been described as two…
Welch Plantain
Description. This is a small but regular plant, exactly like those already described. The leaves rise from the root, and the lowermost ones…
Plantain
Description. The root of the common great plantain is thick at the head, having many whitish fibres growing from it. The leaves are pretty…
Pompkin
Description. The pompkin takes up a great compass of ground, with its large, thick, creeping stalks, furnished with large claspers: its…
Pomegranate Tree
Description. This is a shrubby plant, covered with a brownish bark, and divided into a great number of branches, which spread in an…
Dwarf Plane Tree
Virtues. The tender leaves boiled in wine, and used in the manner of an ointment, stop fluxions of the eyes; and the bark boiled in vinegar…
Plowman's Spikenard
Description. This is a biennial; a coarse, and but ill looking plant. The stalk rises two feet and a half high, and is of a ruddy brown…
Mountain Poley
Description. This polium grows about a foot high, much branched, with squarish woolly stalks, having two small white woolly leaves at a…
Polypody
Description. This is one of the fern tribe, a perennial herb, which is distinguished from the others by the seeds being in roundish spots…
Black Poppy
Description. This poppy does not grow so tall as the white, but in other respects is much like it. The chief difference is in the flower…
Crowfoot Poppy
Description. The stalk of this poppy is thick and naked, round, and fleshy. The leaves are but few, and grow irregularly; they are striped…
Long Rough-Headed Poppy
Description. The first leaves of this poppy grow in a cluster; they are of a pale green, and hairy, and have short foot-stalks: they are…
Long Smooth-Headed Poppy
Description. This poppy has fewer leaves, and they stand irregularly upon long foot-stalks; they are properly of the pinnated kind, and…
Violet Horned Poppy
Description. This poppy differs from the rest, only that the leaves are divided into numerous fine segments, in a double pinnated manner…
Yellow Horned Poppy
Description. This is a species of celandine. The root is long and thick at the head, divided into branches, which fix themselves pretty…
Wild Poppy
Name. Called also Corn-rose.
Primrose
Description. This has a perennial root consisting of a short thick head, furnished with a great number of thick and long fibres. The leaves…
Privet
Description. Privet is a bush or shrub that grows not to any great bigness, having many smooth, tough, pliant branches, cloathed with small…
Guinea Pepper
Names. Called also cayenne pepper and bird pepper.
Black Poplar:
Description. The black poplar grows higher and straiter than the white, with a greyish back, bearing broad green leaves, somewhat likely…
White Poplar
Description. The white poplar grows great, and reasonably high, covered with thick, smooth, white bark; especially the branches, having…
Quince Tree
Description. The ordinary quince tree grows often to the height and bigness of a reasonable apple-tree, but more usually lower, and…
Common Garden Radish
Description. The root of this radish has a reddish skin on the upper part. The leaves are large, rough, and hairy, pretty much cut in on…
Wild or Horse Radish
Description. The horse radish has its first leaves, that rise before winter, about a foot and a half long, very much cut in or torn on the…
Horned Rampion
Description. This rises from a long, thick, white, and fibrous root. The lower leaves are short, and almost round, but pointed at the end…
Sheep's Rampion
Description. The root, from a small head, shoots out many fibres. The stalk is pretty upright, of a pale green, round, very much branched…
Bastard Rhubarb
Description. This has a large root, thick at the head, and divided into many branches, of a dark brown on the outside, and a deep yellow…
Monks' Rhubarb
Name. Called also common garden patience.
Great Monks' Rhubarb
Name. Called also great garden patience.
Rocket Cress
Description. This very much resembles the hedge-mustard in appearance, and for which it is often taken. The stalks are numerous, weak, and…
Annual Rocket Cress
Description. This plant is sometimes improperly called cressling. In some measure it resembles the garden rocket, but does not grow so…
Dwarf Rocket Cress
Description. This is a small plant, with pale leaves, which grow near the bottom; they grow in a thick tuft, without footstalks, but are…
Garden Rocket
Description. The common garden rocket has a slender, white woody root, of a hot biting taste; the leaves do somewhat resemble mustard in…
Large Flowered Rocket
Description. This is a handsome plant; it resembles the garden rocket, but has larger flowers. It has numerous stalks, of a pale green…
Purple Sea Rocket
Name. Called also red buny.
Wall Rocket
Description. This does not rise to the height of any of the others, but bears its flowers upon the tops of the stalks, which are naked of…
Wild Rocket
Description. The common wild rocket has longer and narrower leaves, much more divided into slender cuts and jags on both sides of the…
Winter Rocket
Name. Called also winter cresses.
Root of Scarcity
Description. This is a species of the beet-root, and grows in the same manner. It is but lately known in England, where it grows very…
Ruggedwort
Description. This grows like the marsh rugwort; the flowers are large and yellow in some, and in others paler and moderately small. The…
Squinanth Rush
Description. Though this is commonly called a rush, yet it is not one, but a species of grass, whose leaves grow thick together, inclosing…
Rushes
Although there are many kinds of rushes, yet I shall only here insist upon those which are best known, and most medicinal; as the…
Rosemary
Description. This rises from a long woody divided root, a little fibrous. The shrub is covered with a brown tough bark; and the young…
Marsh-Rosemary
Name. It is called also Wild Cestus.
Red Rose
Description. This rose generally grows in lower bushes than either of the former: the flowers have very few prickles on the stalks, and the…
White Rose
Description. The white rose tree grow taller than most other kind of roses, having fewer prickles on the branches and those pretty large…
Damask Rose
Description. The damask rose grows not so tall, not than the red, especially about the stalk. The leaves are whiter and more hairy. The…
Garden Rue
Description. Garden Rue is a shrubby plant, whose elder branches are tough and woody, having smooth blueish green leaves, divided into an…
Wild Meadow Rue
Description. Meadow Rue rises up with a yellow stringy root, much spreading in the ground, shooting forth new sprouts round about, with…
Rupture-Wort
Description. This spreads very many thready branches round about the ground, about a span long, divided into many other smaller parts full…
Rattle-Grass
Of this there are two kinds, the red and the yellow. Description. The common red rattle-grass hath sundry reddish hollow stalks, and…
Rushy Glonde
Description. This grows from a root composed of many long and thick fibres. The leaves are long, slender, and sharp-pointed; they stand…
Wild, or Meadow Saxifrage
Description. This saxifrage has a root about a finger thick, striking deep in the ground, of a brownish colour on the outside, and whitish…
Sciatica-Wort, or Sciatica Grass
Description. The lower leaves of this herb are two or three inches long, and about half an inch broad, indented pretty deeply about the…
Mouse-Ear Scorpion Grass
Description. This is a low creeping plant, sending from a small stringy root, several trailing branches lying on the ground, and shooting…
Little, or Field Mouse-Ear Scorpion Grass
Description. This resembles the other in most respects but size, this being smaller, and in its not being hairy like the former. The leaves…
Saffron
Description. The plant that produces the true Saffron has a round bulbous root, about as big as a nutmeg, flatted at bottom from which…
Meadow Saffron
Description. This has a large roundish root, and the leaves are numerous, long, and, when fully expanded, very broad; they naturally appear…
Common Garden Scurvy-Grass
Description. Our ordinary English scurvy-grass has many thick flat leaves more long than broad, and sometimes longer and narrower…
Dutch Round Leaved Scurvy-Grass
Description. The root of this scurvy-grass is somewhat long and full of fibres, from which spring a great number of flattish succulent…
Greeland Scurvy-Grass
Description. This does not grow so large as the common Dutch scurvy-grass, which is most known, and frequent in gardens, which has fresh…
Ivy Leaved Scurvy-Grass
Description. The only difference in this plant from the others is, that the leaves are more divided, insomuch that they appear angular. The…
Horse-Radish Scurvy-Grass
Description. This has larger leaves than the former species: the upper ones are of a lighter green than the lower ones, which are of a…
Sea Scurvy-Grass
Description. This sort of scurvy-grass grows to be about as high as the former, but the leaves are rather thicker, longer, narrower, and…
Self-Heal
Description. The common self-heal is a small, low, creeping herb, having many small roundish pointed leaves, like leaves of wild mints, of…
Wild Saffon, or Saf-Flower
Description. This is an annual plant, having a small woody root which runs not very deep into the earth. The lower leaves are pretty broad…
Common Garden-Sage
Description. This sage is a shrubby plant growing in every garden, and is well known to have long, rough, and wrinkled leaves, sometimes of…
Small Sage, or Sage of Virtue
Description. This Sage is smaller than the other Sages, having lesser, narrower, and smoother leaves, of a whitish hoary green colour, with…
Wood Sage
Description. Wood Sage rises up with square hoary stalks, two feet high at the least, with two leaves set at every joint, somewhat like…
Saltwort
Name. Called also Kali, Glasswort, Sea Grass, and Marsh Samphire. Description. This Saltwort, Glasswort, or Kali grow usually with but one…
Prickly Samphire
Name. Called also sea-fennel.
Rock, or Small Samphire
Description. Rock-samphire grows up with a tender green stalk, about half a yard or two feet high at the most, branching forth almost from…
Ser Mountain
Description. Ser mountain, or, as it is sometimes called hartwort, has a large thick root, that strikes deep into the ground, with a great…
Common Service Tree
Description. This grows to be a pretty large tree, whose branches are cloathed with winged leaves, somewhat like those of the ash-tree…
Manured Service Tree
Description. The common service-tree will in good ground grow considerably tall, having a whitish bark, and leaves that differ from those…
Common Shepherd's Needle
Description. This has a long slender white root hung with a few slight fibres; the leaves are small, and supported on short foot-stalks…
Rough Shepherd's Needle
Description. This grows from a long, slender, white fibrous root, with finely divided leaves, which are deeply serrated, of a pale green…
Shepherd's Purse
It is called Whoreman's Permacety, Shepherd's Scrip, Shepherd's Pounce, Toywort, Pickpurse, and Casewort.
Shepherd's Rod
Description. Shepherd's Rod grows with a fleshy, thick, and somewhat hairy stock. The bottom leaves are large and rough, and grow with…
Sickle-Wort
Description. This plant has a small, stringy, fibrous root, from which spring the leaves on long foot stalks; they are five-cornered…
Silverweed
Description. The root of Silverweed is large, stringy, and full of fibres, sending forth many pretty large, yellowish, green winged leaves…
Blue Simson
Description. The flowers of this plant stand separate, one above another, alternately; they grow in a cylindric cup, with awl-shaped…
Skirret
Description. The root for which this plant, is mostly cultivated, is composed of numerous, oblong, tuberous pieces, brownish on the…
Sauce-Alone
Description. The lower leaves of this are rounder than those that grow toward the top of the stalks, and are set singly on a joint, being…
Savine
Description. Savine is an evergreen shrubby tree that seldom grows very tall, having the branches set close together, cloathed with narrow…
Summer, or Garden-Savory
Description. This savory has small stringy roots, from which spring a great many woody branches, eight or nine inches high, a little hairy…
Devil's Bit Scabious
Name. Called also the blue devil's bit, Description. The lower leaves of this scabious are rough and hairy, four or five inches long, an…
Field Scabious
Description. Common field scabious grows up with many hairy, soft, whitish green leaves, some whereof are very little, if at all jagged on…
Lesser Field Scabious
This differs in nothing from the devil's bit, but only it is smaller in all respects. The corn scabious differs little from the field, but…
Winter Savory
Description. This is more woody and shrubby than the former, having the leaves more like hyssop, stiffer and harder, and seemingly pierced…
Sanicle
Description. Ordinary Sanicle sends forth many great round leaves, standing upon long brownish stalks, every one somewhat deeply cut or…
Saracen's Consound
Description. This a robust conspicuous plant, which grows sometimes to five feet high; brownish or green stalks, with narrow green leaves…
Scamony
Description. This is a pernicious weed for the gardener and planter, who are both interested in its extirpation. As it is a species of the…
Sarsaparilla
Description. This is reckoned amongst the sorts of prickly hindweeds, of which there are three sorts; one with red berries, another with…
Common Sawwort
Description. This grows with a white fibrous root. The first leaves are usually undivided, oblong, and broad, and of a beautiful green…
Great Burnet Saxifrage
Description. The root of the great burnet saxifrage is thick at the head, spreading into several branches which grow deep in the earth, of…
Small Burnet Saxifrage
Description. This has a round, slender root, divided into several reddish branches, among which are sometimes found certain red grains…
White Saxifrage
Description. This has a few small reddish kernels of roots, covered with some skins, lying among divers small blackish fibres, which send…
Sloe Bush
Name. Called also black thorn.
Smallage
Description. The roots of smallage are about a finger thick, wrinkled, and sinking deep in the earth, of a white colour, from which spring…
Sneezewort
Name. Called also bastard pellitory.
Sow-Thistle Tree
Description. This grows sometimes to more than a yard high. The stalk is tender, hollow, of a yellowish green; and so are the leaves…
Marsh Sow-Thistle Tree
Description. The stalk of this kind is hollow, tender, of a pale green, and grows sometimes to a yard and a half high. The leaves are soft…
Speedwell
Description. This small and very useful plant grows with very weak stalks, frequently taking root where they trail upon the ground, and…
Spignel
Name. Called also mew.
Broad-Leaved Spignel
Description. The root is long and thick, fibrous, of an aromatic taste, and the bottom leaves are of a blackish green colour. The upper…
Spikenard
Virtues. This is naturally an Indian plant, of a heating, drying faculty. It is good to provoke urine and ease pains of the stone in the…
Spinage
Description. Spinage has a long whitish root, from which spring several pretty, broad, sharp-pointed leaves, hollowed in next the stalk…
Spleen-Wort
Description. This is a small plant, consisting only of leaves, which spring from a fibrous root: they are about three or four inches long…
Soapwort
Name. Called also bruise-wort.
Solanum
Name. Called also dwale.
Berry Bearing Solanum
Description. The roots of this herb run creeping along on the surface of the earth, being slender, and of a brown colour, shooting up here…
Fresh Water Soldier
Description. The root is composed of several long, thick, white fibres, with tufted ends; they are naked from the top to the bottom, but…
Common Sorrel
Description. The leaves of sorrel are smooth, succulent, and tender, somewhat long and sharp-pointed, ending next the foot-stalk in two…
Sorrel, Mountain
Description. The leaves of this sorrel are of a glaucous or blueish green colour; they are broader, shorter, and rounder than the common…
Sheep's Sorrel
Description. This sorrel is lower and smaller than the common, having many narrow sharp-pointed leaves, each of which has two large ears…
Wood Sorrel
Description. This grows upon the ground, having a number of leaves coming from the root, made of three leaves, like a trefoil, but broad at…
Southernwood
Name. Called also Old Man Tree.
Field Southernwood
Description. This has a long, thick, fibrous root. The stalks are shrubby, upright, and very much branched; they are of a whitish colour…
Corn Spurge
Description. This has numerous thick blueish green leaves without foot-stalks: they are long and narrow, and stand up almost strait. The…
Solomon's Seal
Description. The common Solomon's seal rises up with a round stalk, half a yard high, bowing or bending down to the ground, set with single…
Dwarf Spurge
Description. This has a lesser root by much than the petty spurge, and sends forth many stalks, not much branched, a foot or more high, set…
Garden Spurge
Description. This sort grows with a thick reddish stalk, beset with long and narrow blueish green leaves, and so continues, without running…
Greater Spurge
Name. Called also Palma Christi.
Knotted Rooted Spurge
Description. The stalks are numerous, weak, round, of a pale green, and a foot high; the leaves are numerous, thick, of a pale green: they…
Olive Spurge
Description. This is a low shrubby tree, with many flexible branches, seldom growing above four or five feet high, shooting out clusters of…
Broad-Leaved Spurge
Description. This spurge does not rise so high, nor are the leaves so broad as some, but they are longer, not dented at the edges: it…
Petty Spurge
Description. This species of spurge has a very large thick root, many times as big as a man's arm, spread out into many branches, and…
Portland Spurge
Description. This has fair green leaves, and the flowers are of a blueish green: in every other respect it resembles the other kinds…
Red Spurge
Description. This has long, narrow, and sharp pointed ends; they have short foot-stalks and are smooth, of a dead green at first, but…
Rough-Fruited Spurge
Description. The leaves stand irregularly; and are broad, short, sharp-pointed, smooth, of a pale green, and somewhat serrated at the…
Sea Spurge
Description. This has a singular appearance; the leaves encompass the stalk; and has small greenish flowers at the top of the stalk: the…
Sun Spurge
Description. The leaves are numerous, oblong, of an inverted oval figure, and serrated at the edges: they have no foot-stalks, and are…
Wood Spurge
Description. The stalks of this are numerous and firm; they are thick, upright, and round, and have a reddish bark, and under that a green…
Squill
Name. Called also sea-onion.
Garden Star-Wort
Description. This grows to about a foot and a half high, with hairy leaves set on the branches, without order; toward the top it is divided…
Sea Star-Wort
Description. Of all the various kinds of this plant which abound in the warm parts of Europe and America, many species of which are in the…
Spring-Water Star-Wort
Description. This is like Flea-bane, but smaller. The root is small and fibrous: the stalk is round, reddish, upright, and a foot high: the…
Autumnal Water Star-Wort
Description. This differs from the former in nothing but the time of flowering and the colour of the flower, which is sometimes of a pale…
Staves-Acre
Name. Called also Louse-wort.
Stone Crop
Names. Called also Prick-Madam, small Houseleek, and Wall Pepper. Description. It grows with divers trailing branches upon the ground, set…
Storax Tree
Description. There are accounted three sorts. The common storax tree grows very like the Quince Tree both for form and size; the leaves…
Sow-Bread
Description. The root of sow-bread is round, and somewhat flattish, like a small turnip, of a dark brown colour on the outside, with…
Kidney-Leaved Sowerweed
Description. This is a pretty little plant, that grows quite upright; the root is small and fibrous; the stem is firm and round, tapering…
Common Sow-Thistle
Description. The leaves of this kind half embrace the stalk, which is also tender, hollow, branched, and of a light green, and two feet…
Prickly Sow-Thistle
Description. This sow-thistle has a yellow, angular, channelled stalk, about two feet high, of a fine green, having the lower leaves long…
Strawberries
Description. Strawberries have small reddish roots, full of fibres, from which spring many creeping slender threads, which take root and…
Strawberry Cinquefoil
Description. The root is large, reddish, and woody: it is divided at the top into several heads, and has a few fibres. The foot-stalks of…
Garden Succory
Description. The garden Succory has longer and narrower leaves than the endive, and more cut in or torn on the edges, and the root abides…
Wild Succory
Description. The main difference between this and the garden Succory is, its growing wild, and not rising on the ground, very much cut in…
Yellow Succory
Description. This has a thick taper root, brown on the outside, and white within, fuller of better milk. It grows deep in the ground: the…
Sumach
Description. The root is large, long, divided, and woody. The stem is shrubby, thick, and covered with a rough brown bark; it is divided…
Sun Dew
Description. It has divers small, round, hollow leaves, somewhat greenish, but full of certain red hairs, which make them seem red, every…
Swallow-Wort
Description. The roots of Swallow-wort are small and stringy, spreading very much in the ground, and sending up many tough stalks, about a…
Sycamore Tree
Description. There are two sorts of this tree, the one bearing fruit out of the body and greater arms of the tree only, the other upon…
Tamarisk-Tree
Description. The Tamarisk never grows to be a tree of any great bigness in England, though beyond the seas it will; having a rough dark…
Common Tansy
Description. The leaves of this plant are of a bright and pleasant green, and of a very fragrant smell, not coarse, as that of the garden…
Garden Tansy
Description. Notwithstanding this is originally the same plant with the former, yet this differs widely in taste and flavour, and should…
Vetch Common Black Tare, or Tare
Description. The stalks of Tares are angular, weak, and leaning, beset alternately at the joints with long leaves, having a tendril at…
Tarragon
Description. Tarragon shoots up a great many round stalks full of branches, clothed with long narrow leaves, like those of hyssop, but…
Manured Teasel
Name. Called also Fuller's Thistle.
Wild Teasel
Description. The Wild Teasel grows as large and high, or rather higher than the manured, with such a stiff-crested and prickly stalk…
Blessed Thistle
Description. From a small woody root, which perishes after giving ripe seed, there rises several reddish hairy stalks, two feet high or…
Thistle Upon Thistle
Description. This has long thick roots with many fibres. The leaves are long and narrow, of a deep green, divided at the edges, and very…
Dwarf May Thistle
Description. In some places they call this plant the Dwarf Carline Thistle. It has a long and thick root, with many fibres. The leaves lie…
Lady's Thistle
Description. This is a stately and very beautiful plant; and, if brought from a remote part of the world, would be much esteemed in our…
Gentle Lanced Thistle
Description. This is also called English Soft Thistle. It grows upright, from whence it gains the denomination of a lance. The root is long…
Marsh Thistle
Description. The root of this is composed of numerous tough brown fibres. The stalk is upright, not much branched, and seven feet high; it…
Musk Thistle
Description. The root of this is long, thick, and furnished with many fibres. The stalk is firm, upright, of a brownish colour, and five…
Saint Barnaby's Thistle
Description. The root is long, slender, black, and hung with a few fibres. The first leaves spread circularly on the ground: they are long…
Spear Thistle
Description. The root is long, and hung with many fibres. The stalk is upright, six feet high, very prickly, and divided into many…
Star Thistle
Description. A common Star Thistle has divers narrow leaves lying next the ground, cut on the edges, somewhat deeply into many parts, soft…
Way Thistle
Description. The root is white and creeping; the stalks are numerous, tough, of a pale green, smooth, not much branched, and a yard high…
Welted May Thistle
Description. The root is long, thick, and furnished with many fibres. The stalk is three feet high, edged at the several sides with sharp…
Wild Carline Thistle
Description. The root is composed of numerous fibres connected to a large head. The stalk is upright, firm, branched towards the top, and…
Woollen, Cotton, or Down Thistle
Description. This has many large leaves lying upon the ground, somewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the edges, of a green colour on…
Woolly-Headed Thistle
Description. The root is fibrous. The stalk is upright, thick, branched, and five feet high. The leaves are long and moderately broad, and…
Thorn Apple
Description. It has a large divided and fibrous root; the stem is thick, firm, upright, branched, and two or three feet high; the leaves…
Black Thornberry
Description. This shrub rarely grows above four feet high. The branches are thorny, and have a deep brown bark; the leaves are oblong…
Thorough-Leaf
Description. Common Thorough-leaf sends forth a strait round stalk, two feet high or better, whose lower leaves, being of a blueish colour…
Common Thorough Wax
Description. The root of common Thorough Wax is long, slender, white, and furnished with a few fibres. The first leaves are large, broad…
White Thorough Wax
Description. This Thorough Wax differs much from the common. It has a small, fibrous, sticky root, from which spring smooth and frequently…
Common Thrift
Description. This has long, narrow, grassy green leaves; they are smooth, undivided at the edges, and sharp pointed. The stalk rises in the…
Common Garden Thyme
Description. The root is composed of innumerable fibres, and the stalks are numerous, hard, woody, brown, very much branched, and ten…
Wild, or Mother of Thyme
Description. This plant has a small, stringy, creeping root, from which spring a great number of very slender, leaning, woody stalks…
English Tobacco
Description. It rises from a long fibrous root; the stem is robust, round, and hairy, branched, and two or three feet high: the leaves are…
Bulbiferous Toothwort
Description. The root is thick, and of an irregular figure, and runs obliquely under the surface. The first leaves are oblong, narrow…
Tormentil
Description. The root of Tormentil is pretty thick and large, for the bigness of the plant, frequently crooked and knotty, of a reddish…
Creeping Tormentil
Description. This is a beautiful little plant, which has been ranked among the cinquefoils. The root is composed of a small head, and a…
Trefoil
Name. Called also Honey-suckle.
Heart Trefoil
Description. Besides the ordinary sort of Trefoil, here are two more remarkable, and one of which may be probably called Heart Trefoil, not…
Pearl Trefoil
Description. It differs not from the common sort save only in this one particular, it has a white spot in the leaf, like a pearl. It is…
Turnip
Description. Turnips are of various kinds, but the most common sort is that which is produced in gardens. The root is long, thick, white…
Turnsole
Description. The greater Turnsole rises with one upright stalk, about a foot high, or more, dividing itself almost from the bottom, into…
Tutsan
Name. Called also Park Leaves.
Garden Valerian
Description. This has a thick short greyish root, lying for the most part above ground, shooting forth on all other sides such-like small…
Greek Valerian
Description. The root of the Greek Valerian is about a finger thick, of a brown colour, growing not in the earth, but spreading itself…
Water Valerian
Description. The roots of this Valerian are long, slender, and creeping, sending out a few small white fibres. The leaves which spring from…
True Wild Valerian
Description. We have likewise two species of this great wild Valerian; the first has a root divided into several white thick strings…
Common Vervain
Description. The common Vervain has somewhat long broad leaves next the ground, deeply gashed about the edges, and some only deeply dented…
Vine-Tree
Description. The root is woody, divided, and spreading to a considerable distance. The stem is woody, covered with a rough brown bark…
Violet
Description. The root is perennial: it is long, slender, crooked, and fibrous, and the leaves are numerous; they are supported on long…
Water-Violets
Description. The root is a tuft of long, black, and slender fibres, which penetrate deep into the mud. The leaves are long, large, and very…
Viper's Bugloss
Description. This has many long rough leaves lying on the ground, from among which rise up divers hard round stalks, very rough, as if they…
Golden Wake-Robin:
Description. This little but neglected plant has a roundish tuberous root, brown on the outside, and white within, placed at no…
Common Wall-Flower
Description. The root is divided into a number of long straggling parts, each furnished with numerous fibres. The stalk is round, firm…
Sea Wall-Flower
Description. This is a lesser plant than the foregoing. The root is long, slender, and furnished with a few fibres. The stalks are…
Wild Wall-Flower
Description. The common single Wall flowers, which grow wild abroad, have sundry small, long, narrow, dark green leaves, set without order…
Walnuts
Description. The Walnut-tree rises to a great height, and spreads irregularly into branches. The leaves are pinnated: the pinnae vast…
Chickweed Water-Wort
Description. This has often been confounded with Fluellin, for which some writers have absurdly mistaken it. It has a small white fibrous…
Weld, or Wold
2 pages
Whitlow Grass
Description. It has an annual fibrous root; the stem is round, branchy, hairy, of a red colour, and four or five inches high; the leaves…
Whortle
Description. The red Whortle is a small shrub, with slender purplish branches. The leaves are roundish and of a dark green, obtuse at the…
Willow Herb
Description. This is a shrubby plant. It has large, hollow, channelled stalks, divided into many branches full of leaves, three growing…
Creeping Willow Herb
Description. The root of this is small and fibrous; the stalks are round, weak, and slender; they trail upon the ground and take root as…
Great Flowered Willow Herb
Description. This is a fine tall plant, the ornament of our meadows and damp woods. The stem is thick, firm, upright, and full five feet…
Hairy Willow Herb
Description. This is a much smaller plant, but it has all the signature of the species. The leaves are finely notched at the edges, and of…
Marsh Willow Herb
Description. The root is composed of a small head, from which run numerous large fibres. The first leaves are oblong, of a dead green, and…
Money Willow Herb
Description. The root of this is knotty at the head, sending out several long strings and small fibres; the stalks are tough and limber…
Purple Money Willow Herb
Description. This is another weak, trailing, and small recumbent plant, native of our forests, where it is frequently found among the…
Rose Bay Willow Herb
Description. This is the most conspicuous and beautiful of all the Willow-herbs, and is one of the finest of our wild plants. The root is…
Smooth Mountain Willow Herb
Description. This is thicker set with leaves than the former; a more robust plant. It generally grows quite upright. The stalk is round…
Spurge Willow Herb
Description. This has a singular appearance. The stem is slender, and very upright; the leaves are narrow, smooth at the edges, long, and…
Tufty Willow Herb
Description. This rises from a long, thick, and fibrous root. The stalk is round, firm, upright, and two feet high. The leaves are narrow…
Yellow Willow Herb
Description. This grows to a very large plant, and very much resembles in its form common yellow Loose-strife, for which it is sometimes…
Willow Tree
Description. There are various kinds of the Willow-tree, but the most common is the white Willow, which I shall here describe. It grows to…
Winter Green
Description. The leaves of Winter green do somewhat resemble those of the pear tree, but are hardly so large; they grow on foot-stalks two…
Common Woad
Description. It has divers large leaves, long, and somewhat broad withal, like those of the greater plant, but larger, thicker, of a…
Squinancy Woodruffe
Names. Called also Woodrow and Woodrowel.
Sweet Woodruffe
Description. This has a spreading fibrous root, with a square stock, upright, not much branched, and eight inches high; it is of a pale…
Treacle Wormseed
Description. The roots of this are long and slender, and furnished with many strings; the leaves are long and narrow, of a pale green; and…
Wormwood
Descrription. This very useful plant grows to about a yard high; the stalk is of a pale green, tongh, upright, and divided wildly into many…
Common Broad-Leaved Wormwood
Description. The root of this Wormwood is thick and woody, divided into several branches, enduring many years, and holding its lower leaves…
Roman Wormwood
Description. This Wormwood is much lesser than the former, only about two feet and a half high, the leaves are a great deal smaller and…
Sea Wormwood
Description. The stalk is white, woolly, hard, from half to a yard high, and has a few short and irregular branches. The leaves are long…
Common Yarrow
Name. Called also Nose-bleed, Milfoil, and thousand-leaf. Description. It has many leaves cut into a multitude of fine small parts, of a…
Sneezewort Yarrow
Description. The root is long and fibrous, slender, and hung with many fibres. The stalk is round, upright, and two feet and a half high…
Temperaments of the Herbs
I, ALL medicines simply considered in themselves are either hot, cold, moist, dry, or temperate.
Directions
HAVING in divers places of this Treatise promised you the way of making Syrups, Conserves, Oils, Ointments, &c. of herbs, roots, flowers…
Sect. II
8 pages
The Family Physician
4 pages
White Behen
Description. It is two feet high; the stalks are weak, and often crooked; but they are thick enough, round, and of a whitish green colour…
Red Behen
Description. It grows to a foot in height; the stalks are naked, and the flowers red, and, in their disposition, they somewhat resemble…
Barren Wort
Description. It has beautiful purple and yellow flowers, and is a foot high. The leaves are oval and heart-fashioned, deeply indented at…
The Ordinary Small Centaury
Description. This groweth up most usually but with one round and somewhat crusted stalk, about a foot high or better, branching forth at…
Cinquefoil, or Five-Leaved Grass
Name. Called, in some countries, five-fingered grass. Description. It spreads and creeps far upon the ground, with long slender strings…
Cow Wheat
Description. This has narrow blackish leaves, and bright yellow flowers; it is eight or ten inches high. The stalks are square and slender…
Dropwort
Description. A very pretty wild plant, with tufts of whitish flowers, and leaves finely divided. It grows two feet high. The stalk is…
Elecampane
Description. This shooteth forth many large leaves, long and broad, lying near the ground, small at both ends, somewhat soft in handling…
Fluellin, or Lluellin
Description. It is conspicuous for its pretty, though small flower, the stalks are five or six inches long, round, hairy, weak, and…
Fox-Gloves
Description. It hath many long and broad leaves, lying upon the ground, dented upon the edges, a little soft or woolly, and of a hoary…
Fumitory
Description. A pretty wild plant, with blueish divided leaves, and spikes of little purple flowers: it grows ten inches high. The stalk is…
Frog Bit
Description. A little plant, with round leaves and small white flowers. It has been, by the common writers, called a kind of water-lily…
Fleabane
Description. A pretty wild plant, with whitish leaves, and large yellow flowers in Autumn: it is two feet high. The stalk is round and…
Gold of Pleasure
Description. A very pretty plant, known at sight by the vast quantity of seed-vessels. It is two feet high; the stalk is round, thick…
Ginger
Description. It is very singular in its manner of growth. It produces two kinds of stalks, one bearing the leaves, and the other only the…
Ground Pine
Description. A very singular little wild plant, of a mossy appearance, and resinous smell: it grows four inches high; the stalks are hairy…
Goats' Beard
Description. This is distinguished by its narrow and fresh green leaves, and the long leaves of the cup, about its yellow flowers. It grows…
The Jacinth, or Hyacinth
Description. The common Spring plant our children gather with their cowslips and May flowers, and call blue-bells. The root is white and…
Long Cyperus
Description. It is a foot and a half high. The leaves are a foot long or more, narrow, grassy, and of a bright green colour, flat, and…
Milkwort
Description. It has numerous leaves, and blue or white flowers, (for this is a variety, and caused by accidents) disposed in loose spikes…
Mountain Arnicia
Description. This plant is very common upon the northern mountains of Germany and Switzerland, and was first cultivated in this country by…
Peruvian Bark
Description. The tree which furnishes this bark is described as being in general about fifteen feet high, and six inches thick. It somewhat…
Pomecitron Tree
This is a foreign article, cultivated in Spain; is an excellent cordial for the heart, and is of excellent use for dispersing cold raw…
Prickly Restharrow
Description. A little, tough, and almost shrubby plant. It is a foot high. The stalks are round, reddish, tough, and almost woody. The…
Pentandria Monogynia
6 pages
Decandria Digynia
Generic Character.
Dodecandria Dodecagynia
Generic Character.
Pentandria Pentagynia
Generic Character.
Triandria Monogynia
4 pages
Polyandria Monogynia
Generic Character.
Syngenesia Polygamia Superflua
4 pages
Gynandria Diandria
2 pages
Didynamia Angiospermia
Generic Character.
Monadelphia Polyandria
2 pages
Pentandria Digynia
Generic Character.
Polyandria Polygynia
Generic Character.
Tetradynamia Siliculosa
Generic Character.
Octandria Monogynia
Generic Character.
Franklin's Tartar
A Scarlet Bizarre Carnation.
Hexandria Monogynia
2 pages
Syngenesia Polygamia Aequalis
Generic Character.
Icosandria Polygynia
Generic Character.
Syngenesia Polygamia Frustranea
Generic Character.
Tetrandria Monogynia
Generic Character.
Didynamia Angiosper Mia
Generic Character.
Variety and Beauty of Flowers
WHAT a surprising variety is observable among the flowery tribes! How has the bountiful hand of Providence diversified these nicest pieces…